Recently, small model fish, medaka and zebrafish, have been casted a light on environmental science. Transgenic technique is a method that introduce exogenous gene into host genome and enables to generate unique model creature. Adapting transgenic technique on these fish, they become more powerful tool for evaluating aquatic contamination. Chemical analysis and in vitro bioassay, such as ELISA,...

BACKGROUND Given the serious threats posed to terrestrial ecosystems by industrial contamination, environmental monitoring is a standard procedure used for assessing the current status of an environment or trends in environmental parameters. Measurement of metal concentrations at different trophic levels followed by their statistical analysis using exploratory multivariate methods can provide m...

Among the class of pollutants considered as 'emerging contaminants', antibiotic compounds including drugs used in medical therapy, biocides and disinfectants merit special consideration because their bioactivity in the environment is the result of their functional design. Antibiotics can alter the structure and function of microbial communities in the receiving environment and facilitate the de...

Hong Kong played a pivotal role in the international spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): a doctor who spent the night of 21-22 February 2003 at Hotel 'M' was identified as the index case for four national and international clusters of SARS. In parallel to the international collaborative study led by WHO and United States, a retrospective study on the cohort of German persons...

The consensus process was applied to addressing a public health topic; this was a novel endeavor. The following question was addressed: What role, if any, should sentinel health events play in the decision-making process for identifying the effects of environmental exposure? The panel developed three levels of sentinel health events lists: those that are clearly identifiable, those that are pot...

The key component of the PharmChek sweat patch, the membrane, has been tested for the passage of externally applied materials. Drugs in the uncharged state rapidly penetrated the membrane but charged species were greatly slowed. In basic media, detectable concentrations of cocaine, methamphetamine, and heroin were observed at the earliest collection time (ca. 30 s), after drugs were placed on t...

Cysticercosis and Taeniosis are global health problems with impacts on human beings and the development of the livestock industry. This study tested the presence of Taenia eggs in the soil of two villages in Iringa rural district, Tanzania. No recognizable Taenia egg was found, though those found were difficult to identify due to absorption of the flotation fluid which made them dark with diffi...

Introduction Cytostatic drugs have been used for many years in the treatment of cancer and non-neoplastic diseases. However, most cytostatic drugs are not selective in action and healthy cells are also damaged, which results in adverse health effects [1]. For healthcare workers such as pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, nurses, and medical doctors involved in the preparation and administration ...

In response to confirmed cases of H5N1 infection in humans or poultry, we conducted investigations in households of index case’s and in the surrounding vicinity. Environmental specimens such as mud, pond water, aquatic plants and animals, poultry carcasses, faeces, soil and dust were collected in 6 households from 3 Cambodian provinces between April 2007 and February 2010. Two techniques to con...