Obtaining bioethanol from cellulosic biomass involves numerous steps, among which the enzymatic conversion of the polymer to individual sugar units has been a main focus of the biotechnology industry. Among the cellulases that break down the polymeric cellulose are endoglucanases that act synergistically for subsequent hydrolytic reactions. The endoglucanases that have garnered relatively more ...

Enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs) are promising renewable and implantable power sources. However, their power output is often limited by inefficient electron transfer between the enzyme molecules and the electrodes, hindered mass transport, low conductivity, and small active surface area of the electrodes. To tackle these issues, we herein demonstrated a novel EBFC equipped with enzyme-functional...

A self-powered glucose biosensor (SPGS) system is fabricated and in vitro characterization of the power generation and charging frequency characteristics in glucose analyte are described. The bioelectrodes consist of compressed network of three-dimensional multi-walled carbon nanotubes with redox enzymes, pyroquinoline quinone glucose dehydrogenase (PQQ-GDH) and laccase functioning as the anodi...

BACKGROUND Lignin is an integral component of the plant cell wall matrix but impedes the conversion of biomass into biofuels. The plasticity of lignin biosynthesis should permit the inclusion of new compatible phenolic monomers such as flavonoids into cell wall lignins that are consequently less recalcitrant to biomass processing. In the present study, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was evalua...

Engineering microorganisms to produce biofuels is currently among the most promising strategies in renewable energy. However, harvesting these organisms for extracting biofuels is energy- and cost-intensive, limiting the commercial feasibility of large-scale production. Here, we demonstrate the use of a class of transport proteins of pharmacological interest to circumvent the need to harvest bi...

We report the synthesis of coated gold nanoparticles with nitrobenzoic moieties (AuNPs-TNB). They displayed small and narrow size distribution (2 nm) as shown by TEM imaging. These functionalized AuNPs-TNB were physically adsorbed on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) electrodes. Their stable adsorption was monitored electrochemical methods. The stability activated hydroxylamine layer enhan...

The utilization and production of biodiesel have seen a significant increase in recent years due to its numerous advantages over other biofuel products. Biodiesel can be produced through various methods, including transesterification, direct mixing, microemulsion, pyrolysis. Among these, transesterification is the most commonly employed method utilizes three types catalysts: enzymatic, homogene...

In enzymology, as in organic chemistry, many transformations revolve around the chemistry of the carbonyl group. A carbonyl group is electrophilic how can it be made more so? Hydrogens next to a carbonyl group have a reduced pK, how can this reactivity be promoted? Nature has found several ways to address these mechanistic challenges, the most important of which is the use of imines. Studies on...