Introduction: During a student nurse-midwives portfolio review in 2013, it was noted that a high proportion of women had a caesarean section and that all vaginal births were performed in a lithotomy position. The lithotomy birthing position is associated with increased risk of an episiotomy. This instigated the undertaking of a retrospective review of maternity case notes of 569 women, who gave...

BACKGROUND In recent studies, using virtual reality (VR) has been proposed as a nonpharmacological method for anxiety reduction, but until this time, its effects have not been assessed on anxiety during episiotomy repair. This study aimed to determine the effect of audiovisual distraction (VR) on anxiety in primiparous women during episiotomy repair. MATERIALS AND METHODS This clinical trial ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of low-frequency TENS (LFT) and high-frequency TENS (HFT) in post-episiotomy pain relief. METHOD A randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial with placebo composed of 33 puerperae with post-episiotomy pain. TENS was applied for 30 minutes to groups: HFT(100 Hz; 100 µs), LFT (5 Hz; 100 µs), and placebo (PT). Four electrodes were placed in parall...

Background: Episiotomy procedure enlarges the vaginal outlet to facilitate childbirth. Polyglactin 910 fast-absorbing sutures are widely used for repair of episiotomy because their rapid absorption and less inflammatory response. This study was designed subjective assessment perineal pain post-episiotomy repair, with Trusynth Fast® Vicryl Rapide<ns...

ABSTRACT Episiotomy is an incision made through the perineum which used before giving birth and aims to widen baby's exit so as facilitate delivery. Perineal care fulfillment of needs that nourish area between thighs limited by vulva anus in Post Partum Mothers period placenta until return genetic organs pregnancy. or wounds take time heal 6 7 days, on due Episiotomy, rupture laceration. The ac...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors that are associated with the breakdown of perineal laceration repair in the postpartum period. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a retrospective, case-control study to review perineal laceration repair breakdown in patients who were delivered between September 1995 and February 2005 at the University of Michigan. Bivariate analysis with...