Nanotechnology provides the ability to engineer the properties of materials by controlling their size, and this has driven research toward a multitude of potential uses for nanomaterials. This study aimed at biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) using exopolysaccharides (EPS) of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and the antimicrobial potential of the biosynthesized SNPs agai...

Abstract We investigated the effects of substrate (cellulose or starch) and different clay contents on production microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) concomitant development stable soil aggregates. Soils were incubated with amounts montmorillonite (+ 0.1%, + 1%, 10%) both without two substrates contrasting quality (starch cellulose). Microbial respiration (CO 2 ), biomass carbon ...

"Slime" played a brief and spectacular role in the 19th century founded by the theory of primordial slime by Ernst Haeckel. However, that substance was never found and eventually abandoned. Further scientific attention slowly began in the 1930s referring to slime as a microbial product and then was inspired by "How bacteria stick" by Costerton et al. in 1978, and the matrix material was conside...

background: mosquitoes transmit several diseases to human. there are several measures for control of larvae. as part of integrated vector management (ivm) program, the utility of floating layers of polystyrene beads (eps) is a po­ten­tial alternative in habitats of mosquito larva. eps beads prevent oviposition of mosquito as well as killing the im­ma­ture stages by forming a tick layer on the w...

Lightweight concrete (LWC) is a kind of concrete that made of lightweight aggregates or gas bubbles. These aggregates could be natural or artificial, and expanded polystyrene (EPS) lightweight concrete is the most interesting lightweight concrete and has good mechanical properties. Bulk density of this kind of concrete is between 300-2000 kg/m3. In this paper flexural strength of EPS is modeled...

Self-modifying policies (SMPs) trained by the success-story algorithm (SSA) have been successfully applied to various diicult reinforcement learning tasks (Schmidhuber et al. 1997a, 1997b). Here we present new results on an application where two cooperating/competing an-imats have to solve a complex version of the prisoner's dilemma. 1 Overview SMP/SSA. An animat's modiiable components that det...

Bovine heart submitochondrial particles (SMP) were exposed to continuous fluxes of hydroxyl radical (.OH) alone, superoxide anion radical (O2-) alone, or mixtures of .OH and O2-, by gamma radiolysis in the presence of 100% N2O (.OH exposure), 100% O2 + formate (O2- exposure), or 100% O2 alone (.OH + O2- exposure). Hydrogen peroxide effects were studied by addition of pure H2O2. NADH dehydrogena...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) reduces fat deposition in the body, but the mechanism of action is not clear. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of CLA on body fat metabolism. Since milk fat is the best natural source of dietary CLA, intervention of non-fat milk constituents on CLA treatment was also investigated. METHODS Diets containing CLA (1%...

Recently, new spreading sequences have been proposed to multiplex the capacity of users. In particular, Weyl spreading sequences have the larger capacity of users than the Gold code. This paper shows that Weyl spreading sequences appear in bit recovering model and they are orthogonal basis. This result shows the reason why they have the large capacity and that any spreading sequence is expresse...