A mosquito study based on collections from horse-baited stable traps was conducted in 1993 and 1994 at 3 sites in geographically and ecologically distinct areas of St. Tammany Parish (southeastern Louisiana) to determine the major horse-feeding mosquito species that could be possible bridging and epidemic vectors of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus. A total of 4,535 mosquitoes in 1993 and...

The first known outbreak of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) in Vermont occurred on an emu farm in Rutland County in 2011. The first isolation of EEE virus (EEEV) in Vermont (VT11) was during this outbreak. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that VT11 was most closely related to FL01, a strain from Florida isolated in 2001, which is both geographically and temporally distinct from VT11. EEEV RNA w...

A solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique was adapted for the rapid detection and identification of western equine encephalomyelitis virus in clinical specimens.

The problem of evaluating the epidemic potential of western equine encephalitis in the northeastern United States is presented and possible reasons are discussed for the present lack of human and horse cases of this disease even though increased numbers of isolations of the virus have been obtained in the East during recent years. Epidemiologic factors of vector bionomics and virus strain varia...

Palmar supracondylar lysis of the third metacarpus, enthesophytes on the proximal sesamoid bones, proximal dorsal P1 fragments in the hind fetlocks, and dorsal medial intercarpal joint disease in Thoroughbred yearlings are associated with decreased likelihood of starting at least one race during the 2or 3-year-old years. Authors’ addresses: Equine Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, College of Vet...

We describe the isolation of a paramyxovirus from three species of flying fox in Queensland. The species are Pteropus alecto (black flying fox), Pteropus scapulatus (little red flying fox) and Pteropus poliocephalus (grey headed flying fox). The virus appears to be identical to the equine morbillivirus which was associated with acute equine respiratory syndrome and two human deaths in two Queen...

The forces of evolution have produced in the equine foot a miracle of bioengineering. However, despite being a success in its natural environment, the equine foot becomes a common site of disease and injury when subjected to the demands of human domestication. A sound knowledge of the anatomy of the equine foot (Fig 1) is necessary to understand the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of i...

The field of regenerative medicine research is rapidly expanding. One area of interest to equine researchers is the possibility of isolating or generating pluripotent cells, capable of producing differentiated cell types derived from all 3 primary germ layers. Reports of equine embryonic stem-like (ES) cell isolation can be found in the literature. Other groups are working to produce equine-ind...

Gene expression studies in equine research involve the use of whole blood samples as a vital source of RNA. To determine the optimal method for RNA isolation from equine whole blood, we compared three RNA isolation strategies using different commercially available kits to evaluate the yield and quality of equine RNA. All 3 methods produced RNA with high quality. Though it did not produce the hi...

There has been a great increase in interest in veterinary acupuncture and chiropractic care in the equine area recently, both by the public and the veterinary medical community. With this increased awareness, there has been an increase in research and thus, a better understanding of the physiologic basis and the clinical applications of these modalities. One of the main clinical applications in...