Postmenopausal women represent a vulnerable population towards endocrine disruptors due to hormonal deficit. We previously demonstrated that chronic exposure of ovariectomized C57Bl6/J mice fed high-fat, high-sucrose diet low-dose mixture chemicals with one dioxin, polychlorobiphenyl, phthalate, and bisphenol A triggered metabolic alterations in the liver but intestine was not explored. Yet, ga...

UNLABELLED Imaging and therapy using radioligands targeting receptors overexpressed on tumor cells is successfully applied in neuroendocrine tumor patients. Because expression of the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR), somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2), and chemokine C-X-C motif receptor 4 (CXCR4) has been demonstrated in breast cancer, targeting these receptors using radioligands might of...

OBJECTIVE Cholesterol gallstone disease (CGD) is a multifactorial and multistep disease. Apart from female gender and increasing age being the documented non-modifiable risk factor for gallstones the pathobiological mechanisms underlying the phenotypic expression of CGD appear to be rather complex, and one or more variations in genes could play critical roles in the diverse pathways further pro...

Postmenopausal hormone therapy increases mammographic density, a strong breast cancer risk factor, but effects vary across women. We investigated whether the effect of hormone therapy use is modified by polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor (ESR1) and progesterone receptor (PGR) genes in the Dutch Prospect-EPIC and the English EPICNorfolk cohorts. Information on hormone therapy use was obtaine...

BACKGROUND Important candidate genes involved in the ovarian response to exogenous FSH are the estrogen receptor genes (ESRs), since the effects of estrogens on follicle growth, maturation and oocyte release. It is known that some markers of ovarian stimulation can help to personalize the treatment, adjusting the dose of exogenous rFSH, thus preventing excessive wear of the patient. Inspired on...

Semen liquefaction changes semen from a gel-like to watery consistency and is required for sperm to gain mobility and swim to the fertilization site in the Fallopian tubes. Kallikrein-related peptidases 3 (KLK3) and other kallikrein-related peptidases from male prostate glands are responsible for semen liquefaction by cleaving gel-forming proteins (semenogelin and collagen). In a physiological ...

BACKGROUND After age, sex is the most important risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). The mechanism through which women are protected from CAD is still largely unknown, but the observed sex difference suggests the involvement of the reproductive steroid hormone signaling system. Genetic association studies of the gene-encoding Estrogen Receptor α (ESR1) have shown conflicting results, ...

This study was performed to examine the distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and estimated haplotypes in the canine estrogen receptor (ER) alpha gene (ESR1) and the association of them with different phenotypes of cryptorchidism (CO) in Miniature Dachshunds and Chihuahuas. Forty CO and 68 normal dogs were used, and CO was classified into unilateral (UCO; n=33) and bilateral CO...

OBJECTIVE Leukemia is characterized as a kind of malignant clonal disease in hematological stem cells. The study showed an abnormal level of DNA methylation in leukemia cells, which further led to an abnormal expression of hematological genes. This study investigated the role of miR-29b on the modulation of DNA methylation and tumor suppressor gene expression in leukemia patients. PATIENTS AN...

BACKGROUND Estradiol (E2) receptors mediate E2 effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis under normal and pathological conditions. However, the mechanisms involved in E2 signaling are not completely understood. The objectives in this study were to evaluate the expression of estrogen receptors (ESRs) during follicular selection in cattle, and the effect of intrafollicular injection of fulvestr...