The effects of nicotinate ethyl ester treatment on the gingival blood circulation of plaque induced inflammation in monkeys were determined. The blood flow, amount of hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin rate (oxyhemoglobin/total hemoglobin) in gingival blood circulation in addition to bacterial colony forming units (CFU), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), loss of attachment (LA) and amount of g...

Volatile aroma-active esters are responsible for the fruity character of fermented alcoholic beverages such as beer and wine. Esters are produced by fermenting yeast cells in an enzyme-catalyzed intracellular reaction. In order to investigate and compare the roles of the known Saccharomyces cerevisiae alcohol acetyltransferases, Atf1p, Atf2p and Lg-Atf1p, in volatile ester production, the respe...

The hydrolysis of the esters of the dicarboxylic fatty acids, malonic and succinic, by lipase has not been the subject of careful study. Doyen and Morel (1) observed that serum lipase caused hydrolysis of diethyl succinatc? but the results are difficult of interpretation from a quantitative standpoint. Kastle (2) stated that diethyl succinate was readily hydrolyzed by liver lipase, but cited no...

p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) is a protein kinase critically involved in the progress of inflammation/stress-associated diseases. Our data suggested that javamide analogues may contain strong anti-inflammation activities, but there is little information about their effects on p38 MAPK. Therefore, in this paper, the effects of thirty javamide analogues on p38 MAPK were investig...

Application of the potent tumor-promoting agent 12-Otetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) to mouse skin leads to a rapid and transient induction of epidermal ornithine decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.17) activity. Several lines of evidence, including the finding that /3-retinoic acid inhibits both phorbol ester-induced ornithine decarboxyl ase activity and the formation of skin papillomas, suggest that...