The low number of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in umbilical cord blood (UCB) is directly related to increased risk of transplant failure. Effective ex vivo expansion of HSC has been tried for many years, with conflicting results because of the inability to reproduce in vitro HSC proliferation in the same way it occurs in vivo. We compared freshly isolated HSC with their expanded counterparts ...

BACKGROUND In cardiac surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and unfractionated heparin have negative effects on blood platelet function. In acute normovolemic haemodilution autologous unfractionated heparinised blood is stored ex-vivo and retransfused at the end of the procedure to reduce (allogeneic) transfusion requirements. In this observational study we assessed whether platelet function is...

In vivo animal experimentation has been one of the cornerstones of biological and biomedical research, particularly in the field of clinical medicine and pharmaceuticals. The conventional in vivo model system is invariably associated with high production costs and strict ethical considerations. These limitations led to the evolution of an ex vivo model system which partially or completely surmo...

BACKGROUND Accurate alignment between histopathology slices and positron emission tomography (PET) images is important for radiopharmaceutical validation studies. Limited data is available on the registration accuracy that can be achieved between PET and histopathology slices acquired under routine pathology conditions where slices may be non-parallel, non-contiguously cut and of standard block...

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Ex) play important roles in tissue injury repair, however, the roles of MSC-Ex in skin damage repair and its mechanisms are largely unknown. Herein, we examined the benefit of human umbilical cord MSC-derived exosome (hucMSC-Ex) in cutaneous wound healing using a rat skin burn model. We found that hucMSC-Ex-treated wounds exhibited significantly accel...

In clinic, cetuximab, an anti-EGFR antibody, improves treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC). KRAS-mutant CRC is generally resistant to cetuximab, although difference of the sensitivity among KRAS-mutants has not been studied in detail. We previously developed the cancer tissue-originated spheroid (CTOS) method, a primary culture method for cancer cells. We applied CTOS method to investi...

Robotic needle steering is a promising technique to improve the effectiveness of needle based clinical procedures, such as biopsies and ablation, by computer controlled, curved insertions of needles within the body. In this paper, we explore the capabilities, challenges, and clinical relevance of tip asymmetric needle steering though experiments in ex vivo and in vivo tissue. We evaluate the re...

In article number 2003765, Carmine Gentile and co-workers describe the major pathophysiological features required for bioengineering of a heart attack in Petri dish. The presents thorough comparison current vitro, ex vivo, vivo models. It also explores potential use latest technologies advanced cardiac models, such as 3D bioprinting, microfluidic devices patient-derived stem cell, with to devel...