The steady-state exchange of inert gases across an in situ canine trachea has recently been shown to be limited equally by diffusion and perfusion over a wide range (0.01-350) of blood solubilities (betablood; ml . ml-1 . atm-1). Hence, we hypothesize that the exchange of ethanol (betablood = 1,756 at 37 degrees C) in the airways depends on the blood flow rate from the bronchial circulation. To...

A model was developed to simulate the uptake of inhaled vapors in the nasal airway of the Beagle dog during cyclic breathing. Input data to the model were morphological and physiological data for the dog, and physiocochemical data for the vapors. The model simulates the nasal airway as a slit-like duct, where air passes between the two airway walls in an ideal plug flow. The thickness of the wa...

We study the influence of social networks on labor market transitions. We develop the first model where social ties and job status coevolve through time. Our key assumption is that the probability of formation of a new tie is greater between two employed individuals than between an employed and an unemployed individual. We show that this assumption generates negative duration dependence of exit...

Building upon a continuous-time model of search with Nash bargaining in a stationary environment, we analyze the effect of changes in minimum wages on labor market outcomes and welfare. While minimum wage increases may or may not lead to increases in unemployment in our model, they can be welfare-improving to labor market participants on both the supply and demand sides of the labor market. We ...

We study differences in behavior across countries in a labor market context. To this end, we conducted a bilateral gift-exchange experiment comparing the behavior of subjects from five high-income OECD countries: Germany, Spain, Israel, Japan and the USA. We observe that in all countries, effort levels are increasing while rejection rates are decreasing in wage offers. However, we also find con...

Radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) account for almost two-thirds of the annual average radiation dose received by Irish population. A detailed study natural radioactivity levels radon exhalation rates was carried out in a legislatively designated “high radon” area, as based on existing indoor measurements. Indoor concentrations, airborne radiometric data stream sediment geochemistry were collated...

Results The significant decreases of anxiety level, combined with an increase in frustration tolerance, were found. Moreover, these processes were accompanied by an increase in CO2 at the end of exhalation (FetCO2) and the structure changes of breathing pattern. An internal restructuring of the respiratory cycle was observed: expiration time increased while the respiration rate remained unchanged.

Interactions between cardiovascular parameters and the respiratory phases have been studied previously using Electrocardiography. In this paper, we explore variations of waveform features extracted from Ballistocardiograms (BCG) at different phases during the respiratory cycle. We use a dataset collected from 58 volunteers, with a bed sensor positioned under the mattress. Results show considera...

INTRODUCTION — Conventional mechanical ventilation refers to the delivery of full or partial ventilatory support by a volume-cycled mechanical ventilator or by pressure support. It also can include the maintenance of positive airway pressure at the end of exhalation, ie, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) [1]. (See "Physiologic and pathophysiologic consequences of positive pressure ventila...