One of the main components of lung alveoli is surfactant. DPPC (Dipalmitolphosphatidylcholine) is thepredominant lipid component in lung surfactant that is responsible for lowering surface tension in alveoli in thisarticle. We used a very approximate model with computational method of Ab initio to describe the interactionsbetween DPPC as important component of lung surfactant and some chemical ...

The initiation of ventilation in preterm, surfactant-deficient sheep without positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) causes airway injury and lung inflammation. We hypothesized that PEEP and surfactant treatment would decrease the lung injury from initiation of ventilation with high tidal volumes. Fetal sheep at 128-day gestational age were randomized to ventilation with: 1) no PEEP, no surfact...

Surfactant-replacement therapy is a life-saving treatment for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome, a disorder characterized by surfactant deficiency. Repletion with exogenous surfactant decreases mortality and thoracic air leaks and is a standard practice in the developed world. In addition to respiratory distress syndrome, other neonatal respiratory disorders are characterized b...

Pulmonary surfactant abnormalities have consistently been documented in patients with acute lung injury (ALI), however, there is little evidence directly correlating them to altered respiratory mechanics. To explore this further, surfactant composition was measured in lung aspirate fluid collected on 15 occasions from 10 patients with ALI. The composition was compared with lung aspirate fluid f...

Bacterial pneumonia remains a significant cause of patient morbidity and mortality worldwide. Pulmonary surfactant serves to maintain homeostasis in the lung through the maintenance of alveolar stability and the regulation of the alveolar immune response. The purpose of this study was to characterize the lung injury and associated surfactant alterations in a rat model of acute Pseudomonas aerug...

Clark, Howard, Lennell Allen, Erin Collins, Frederick Barr, Leland Dobbs, Gunther Putz, Jon Goerke, and Samuel Hawgood. Localization of a candidate surfactant convertase to type II cells, macrophages, and surfactant subfractions. Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 20): L452–L458, 1999.—Pulmonary surfactant exists in the alveolus in several distinct subtypes that differ in their morph...

To date, preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after birth have been managed with a combination of endotracheal intubation, surfactant instillation, and mechanical ventilation. It is now recognized that noninvasive ventilation (NIV) such as nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in preterm infants is a reasonable alternative to elective intubation after birth. Recen...

OBJECTIVE: To describe the possible clinical and laboratory effects of exogenous surfactant instillation into the tracheal tube of a child with severe acute bronchiolitis undergoing mechanical ventilation. CASE REPORT: a 2-month-old girl with clinical diagnosis of acute viral bronchiolitis underwent mechanical ventilation. She required high positive inspiratory peak pressure (35 to 45 cmH(2)O) ...

Both surfactant protein (SP) D and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) influence pulmonary surfactant homeostasis, with the deficiency of either protein causing marked accumulation of surfactant phospholipids in lung tissues and in the alveoli. To assess whether the effects of each gene were mediated by distinct or shared mechanisms, surfactant homeostasis and lung morphol...

Langmuir isotherms and fluorescence and atomic force microscopy images of synthetic model lung surfactants were used to determine the influence of palmitic acid and synthetic peptides based on the surfactant-specific proteins SP-B and SP-C on the morphology and function of surfactant monolayers. Lung surfactant-specific protein SP-C and peptides based on SP-C eliminate the loss to the subphase ...