In many biophysical and biochemical experiments one observes the decay of some ligand population by an appropriate system of traps. We analyse this decay for a one-dimensional system of randomly distributed traps, and show that one can distinguish three different regimes. The decay starts with a fractional exponential of the form e x p [ (t/to)1/2], which changes into a fractional exponential o...

We report a femtosecond spectroscopic study of the DNA base cytosine in aqueous solution at room temperature. Two different experimental techniques were used, fluorescence upconversion and transient absorption, providing complementary information on the excited state relaxation. While the fluorescence decay is clearly bi-exponential, with an ultrafast (0.2 ps) and a slower (1.3 ps) component, t...

We obtain large deviation estimates for a large class of nonuniformly hyperbolic systems: namely those modelled by Young towers with summable decay of correlations. In the case of exponential decay of correlations, we obtain exponential large deviation estimates given by a rate function. In the case of polynomial decay of correlations, we obtain polynomial large deviation estimates, and exhibit...

Many studies have focused on the mechanisms underlying length and width determination in rod-shaped bacteria. Here, we focus instead on cell surface area to volume ratio (SA/V) and demonstrate that SA/V homeostasis underlies size determination. We propose a model whereby the instantaneous rates of surface and volume synthesis both scale with volume. This model predicts that these relative rates...

Excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) have been studied in voltage-clamped bullfrog sympathetic ganglion B cells. The EPSC was small, rose to a peak within 1-3 ms, and then decayed exponentially over most of its time-course. For 36 cells at --50 mV (21-23 degrees C), peak EPSC size was --6.5 +/- 3.5 nA (mean +/- SD), and the mean decay time constant tau was 5.3 +/- 0.9 ms. tau showed a small...

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) technique deals with exploratory behavior of ants while finding food by following a path based on the concentration of the pheromone. A major limitation with ACO algorithm is "stagnation". This occurs when all ants try to follow same path to reach the destination due to higher pheromone concentration and causes congestion when applied to Adhoc Wireless Ne...

We show that any L solution of the Gabitov-Turitsyn equation describing dispersion managed solitons decay exponentially in space and frequency domains. This confirms in the affirmative Lushnikov’s conjecture of exponential decay of dispersion managed solitons.

We prove that certain boundedness properties of operators yield distributional estimates that have exponential decay at infinity. Such distributional estimates imply local exponential integrability and apply to many operators such as m-linear Calderón-Zygmund operators and their maximal counterparts.

We investigate the value of parallel repetition of one-round games with any number of players k ≥ 2. It has been an open question whether an analogue of Raz’s Parallel Repetition Theorem holds for games with more than two players, i.e., whether the value of the repeated game decays exponentially with the number of repetitions. Verbitsky has shown, via a reduction to the density Hales-Jewett the...

Recently the Ruelle-Perron-Fröbenius theorem was proved for Hölder potentials defined on the symbolic space Ω = MN, where (the alphabet) M is any compact metric space. In this paper, we extend this theorem to the Walters space W (Ω), in similar general alphabets. We also describe in detail an abstract procedure to obtain the Fréchetanalyticity of the Ruelle operator under quite general conditio...