The ability to quickly deploy new protocols, and provide flexibility to both applications and network administrators has been an oft-cited reason for active networks to be seriously examined. This paper describes an architecture and implementation that provides dynamic installation of network services and flexibility to active code. An example of weighted fair queuing being installed dynamicall...

The progress in genomic research has led to increased sampling and storage of biological samples in biobanks. Most biobanks are located in high-income countries, but the landscape is rapidly changing as low- and middle-income countries develop their own. When establishing a biobank in any setting, researchers have to consider a series of ethical, legal and social issues beyond those in traditio...

The main target of alcohol and other drug self-administration is the brain. For this reason understanding of brain mechanisms (i.e., neuroscience research) may offer important insights for creating effective prevention and treatment interventions, as well as fair and appropriate drug policies. Fair and appropriate drug policies (public laws and regulations) are expected to reduce the harms of d...

New technologies such as the VCR and Google Book Search can change the way copyrighted works are used, thereby making their innovators rich. Copyright owners are aware of these riches and often strategically sue the technology companies with the aim of gaining a share of the money. This dynamic—an innovator investing to create a new technology and a creator of a copyrighted work then suing for ...

When the shares are issued, that can be explained as an issuance of shares at their fair value or a stock split or the combination of both. Stock dividends can be considered as a combination of capitalization of retained earnings and stock split (stock split theory). But, it can also be explained by using fictitious transaction such as payment of cash dividend and subsequent issuance of shares ...

This study undertakes a review of fair dealing provisions in Australian copyright law and compares our fair dealing rights with the fair use rights under American law. It examines the impact of eight DRM systems providing music and films online on users’ expectations of personal use and fair use of copyrightable material. Users of copyright information in whatever form – print, digital material...

Identifying legal and illegal states significantly reduces computational complexity of ATPG. A unified framework for identification of the legal and illegal states is presented. Most known methods for identification of the legal and illegal states are interpretable within this framework. New theorems and the resulting procedures for identifying exact collection of legal or illegal states of a c...

The US Security and Exchange Commission implemented Regulation Fair Disclosure in 2000, requiring that an issuer must make relevant information disclosed to any investor available to the general public in a fair manner. Focusing on firms that are affected by the regulation, we propose a model that characterizes the behavior of two types of investors—one professional investor and many small inve...

Firms that outsource production to supply partners are at risk if those suppliers engage in unethical behavior. Such issues have been particularly acute in the apparel industry. If suppliers engage in unethical practices, firms may suffer brand and reputation damage, lost sales, cancelled contracts, legal penalties, lower employee morale, and more. An innovative program, originated at Reebok an...