introduction: in order to fulfill the health and medical needs of rural people, iran's medical services insurance organization approved a plan to provide rural health insurance in 2005. the plan aimed to make an appropriate context for the activities of private health care service providers in the rural areas and to meet public expectations for access to specialized medical services. in this st...

Recent dual-process models of the word frequency mirror effect place absolute familiarity, an item׳s baseline familiarity at a given time point, as responsible for false alarm differences and recollection for hit rate differences between high and low frequency items. One of the earliest dual-process propositions, however, posits an additional relative familiarity mechanism which is sensitive to...

The FWI-tel instantaneous is a system for computing a forest fire risk index; it elaborates instantaneous weather maps to evaluate fire risk indicator on alpine regions. This system is based on the previsional Canadian Fire Weather Index (FWI) adjusted for continental Europe latitudes and climatology and adapted to alpine regions orography. FWI is a meteorological index, which uses as input dat...

Being at the same time a major staple food and a crop very sensitive to weather and price fluctuations, maize is in the core of food security challenges in Tanzania. In a country where agricultural production is mainly driven by smallholder farmers and where the exposure to weather shocks such as drought is likely to increase because of climate change, implementing an efficient and affordable i...

An instability index, called the shape factor (SF), for weather forecasting was proposed using temperature profiles from a NASA/LaRC-hosted web-page featuring NOAA Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) radiosonde data used for short-term weather predictions. The index of instability was predicated on the sign and magnitude of the gradient of the equivalent potential temperature. A training data set of tempe...

A land market is emerging in Tanzania, triggered by initiatives to reform legislation and modernize agriculture through frugal innovations, combining hybrid seeds weather-based index insurance with the use of mobile telephones. The analysis shows that agricultural modernization can be a driver for an market. Demand increases because liberalization rights, bought or leased, something more succes...

Psychological studies support the existence of an influence of weather on mood. Saunders (1993) and Hirshleifer and Shumway (2001) argue that the weather could affect the behaviour of market traders and, therefore, it should be reflected in the stock returns. This paper investigates the possible relation between weather and market index returns in the context of the Spanish market. In 1989, thi...