BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Insulin resistance is a complication of advanced CKD. Insulin resistance is less well characterized in earlier stages of CKD. The response of the pancreatic β cell, effects on glucose tolerance, and risk of diabetes are not clear. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS The Cardiovascular Health Study included 4680 adults without baseline diabetes. The Chronic ...

Insulin resistance is highly prevalent in Asian Indians and contributes to worldwide public health problems, including diabetes and related disorders. Surrogate measurements of insulin sensitivity/resistance are used frequently to study Asian Indians, but these are not formally validated in this population. In this study, we compared the ability of simple surrogate indices to accurately predict...

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) which is characterized by abnormal hemoglobin structure has a carrier rate of 9-20% in Egypt. Reactive oxygen species (ROC) in SCD cause multiple organ injuries, endocrine complications and metabolic alteration such as insulin resistance (IR) in children and young adults. We aimed to determine the presence of IR in normoglycemic SCD patients and also assess...

Objective: Forkhead box proteins and Forkhead box transcription factor O1 (FOXO1) in particular, mediate insulin signaling pathways and glucose homeostasis. This study aimed to compare FOXO1 expression in subcutaneous adipose (SA) tissue between obese rats with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its response to resistance training in T2D. Materials and Methods: 21 male wistar rats (220±20 g...

Objective: The aim of the present study is assessment of insulin resistance (IR) in obese women by TyG-Index and compared with the HOMA-IR index. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 61 obese women aged 18-45 years. Weights, height, waist circumference (WC) were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated and recorded. A sample of fasting serum was collecte...

the most important physiological role of apelin as a novel adipokine is co- relation with insulin hormone. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks combined training on plasma apelin and insulin resistance index in overweight females. therefore, 40 non athlete and over weight female students (bmi, 25-30), were selected and divided randomly in two experimental and control...

BACKGROUND In the postprandial state, insulin regulates metabolic and cardiovascular responses. In insulin resistance, the insulin action is impaired at both levels. However, postprandial hemodynamic responses are poorly characterized in this setting. OBJECTIVE We investigated fasting and postprandial cardiac and vascular hemodynamic responses in subjects with and without insulin resistance. ...

OBJECTIVE Whereas postprandial hyperlipidemia is a well-described feature of insulin-resistant states and type 2 diabetes, no previous studies have examined intestinal lipoprotein production rates (PRs) in relation to hyperinsulinemia or insulin resistance in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS Apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48)-containing lipoprotein metabolism was examined in the steady-state fed condit...

OBJECTIVES Type 2 diabetes and the consumption of saturated fatty acids (FAs) are on the rise among Alaska Inuits. This analysis, based on a cross-sectional study, explores the possible associations of saturated FA content in red blood cells (RBCs) and parameters of glucose metabolism in a sample of Alaska Natives. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The sample included 343 women and 282 men aged 35-74....