| Fault-tolerant clock synchronization is often used in distributed systems with requirements such as close interaction between its components, measurements of elapsed time and ordering of events in the system. Diierent implementation approaches can be used to achieve fault-tolerant clock synchronization, depending on criteria such as performance, cost and availability of hardware and operating...

Computational grids are established with the intention of providing shared access to hardware and software based resources with special reference to increased computational capabilities. Fault tolerance is one of the most important issues faced by the computational grids. The main contribution of this survey is the creation of an extended classification of problems that incur in the computation...

A growing number of safety-critical systems is controlled by computer systems. In the context of several research projects solutions were suggested how to reduce the implementation effort for dependable real-time systems. Unfortunately most of these approaches are based on special hardware solutions or restricted to specific application domains. In addition most of the application realize only ...

Despite perfect functioning of its internal components, a robot can be unsuccessful in performing its tasks because of unforeseen situations. Mostly these situations arise from the interaction of a robot with its ever-changing environment. In this paper we refer to these unsuccessful operations as external unknown faults. We reason along the most frequent failures in typical scenarios which we ...

Embedded systems are used everywhere. They are complex systems whose failure may cause death or injury to people or may damage the environment are required to be safety safe. Therefore, these systems need to be analyzed. Fault tree analysis is a common way for performing safety analysis. It generates a large amount of interconnected data that itself needs to be analyzed to help different domain...

Bio-computing model of ‘Distributed Multiple Intelligent Agents Systems’ (BDMIAS) models agents as genes, a cooperating group of agents as operons ─ commonly regulated groups of genes, and the complex task as a set of interacting pathways such that the pathways involve multiple cooperating operons. The agents (or groups of agents) interact with each other using message passing and pattern based...

Motivated by the observed (successful and unsuccessful) performance of numerous structures on top of, or immediately next to a normal fault that ruptured during the Kocaeli 1999 earthquake, this paper: (i) develops a two-step finite element methodology to study the propagation of a fault rupture through soil and its interplay with the foundation–structure system, denoted hereafter “Fault Ruptur...