Most tropical forests are government-owned, with timber being harvested under concession agreements awarded to private logging companies. Those agreements tend to be short-term harvesting licenses lasting no more than one to a few years. In the absence of regulation, loggers can be expected to ignore the negative environmental impacts of logging, as they derive little or no financial gain from ...

One of the leading places in complex measures to increase productivity forests and rational use wood resources is occupied by thinning for forest care. Timely justified maintenance allows not only increasing sustainability forests, size use, but also creating prerequisites effective implementation environmental protection climate control functions forests. Growing highly productive stands optim...

Coppices are a major potential source of forest biomass in Spain, where they occupy around 4M ha. Quercus coppices mostly neglected because their high harvesting costs and the small size products. This makes them very interesting to test compare alternative means for utilizing resources an optimized way. Hence, comparative study motor-manual mechanized felling bunching was conducted when thinni...

The effects of girdling were analysed in a sessile oak (Quercus petraea Matts. Leibl.) forest with an 80-year-old coppice with standard structure in northern Spain. The study evaluated the viability of girdling as an alternative to felling trees during crown thinning. Eighty-four direct competitors of selected future crop trees were girdled by double notching and peeling. Three years after gird...

Different methods of measuring and calculating the volume of logs in the forest after felling (“hand measuring”) and in log yards of sawmills (“electronic measuring”) give different results – volume of logs. The subject of this paper is the quantification of differences caused by the number and direction of scanning, by rounding and by volume calculation. The main results of measuring carried o...