BACKGROUND Antioxidants such as α-tocopherol (vitamin E) and β-carotene (vitamin A) play an important role in protective effect of repeated brief periods of ischemia, namely ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Values of these antioxidants were investigated and compared after induction of ischemia reperfusion (IR) and kidney IPC in both male and female rats. METHODS Forty eight Wistar rats were di...

Background and Purpose—We demonstrated previously that treatment with selective -opioid receptor (KOR) agonist BRL 52537 hydrochloride [( )-1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) acetyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl) methylpiperidine] (1) has a long therapeutic window for providing ischemic neuroprotection, and (2) attenuates ischemia-evoked NO production in vivo in rats. Neuronally derived NO has been shown to be deleter...

Females with sepsis have a better prognosis than males, while those of both genders with cirrhosis have a high mortality. Impaired immunity accompanies liver cirrhosis. The potential association between sex and immunologic response of cirrhotic rats in sepsis following immunonutrition was investigated. One hundred and forty-three rats were randomly divided into groups. Liver cirrhosis was produ...

In young (4-week-old) male and female spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats, ethanol metabolic rate in vivo and hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase activity in vitro are high and not different in the two sexes. In males, ethanol metabolic rate falls markedly between 4 and 10 weeks of age, which coincides with the time of development of sexual maturity in the rat. Alcohol dehydrogenase activity is also...

Although obesity is associated with a state of leptin resistance, it has been suggested that leptin may contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity-related hypertension. In previous studies, we reported that cafeteria diet feeding induces hyperleptinaemia and hyperinsulinemia in both male and female rats, with hypertension occurring only in male rats. However, when female rats were neonatally tre...

BACKGROUND Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) to treat infertility have been available for nearly three decades. There have been a number of systematic comparisons of the health and development of ART-conceived with spontaneously-conceived (SC) children. Data are equivocal, some finding no differences and others that there are more health and developmental problems in the ART group. It is...

We examined sex differences in kidney mineral concentrations and urinary albumin excretion in rats given feed containing various phosphorus (P) levels. With feed that was 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, and 1.5% P, kidney calcium and P concentrations were higher in female rats than in male rats. With 1.2% or 1.5% P, urinary albumin excretion was higher in the female rats. The sex of the animal affected the k...

corticosterone in male and female virgin and breeder rats. Acta Endocrinol 62: 411-424, 1969 14. lams SG, Wexler BC: Aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone and corticosterone differences between arteriosclerotic breeder vs nonarteriosclerotic virgin rats. Atherosclerosis 24: 63-73, 1976 15. Wexler BC, True CW: Carotid and cerebral arteriosclerosis. Circ Res 12: 659-666, 1963 16. Wexler BC: Spontaneou...

In this study, the effects of Urtica dioica hydro-alcoholic extract were investigated on the blood glucose and lipid profiles of female ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats. In total, 32 adult female rats were divided into four groups (eight each) including control and ovariectomy groups as well as non-ovariectomy and ovariectomy groups treated with 200 mg kg-1 of ...

This study was designed to show the effect of potassium dichromate (24 mg/kg orally for 60 day) in mature male and female. The results experiment rats showed decrease seminiferous epithelia thickness number stage VII cells (spermatogonium, spermatocytes, spermatids) at same time immature female treated with increase diameter ovarian follicles categories (101-200), (201-300) (<400) .It conclu...