Fennel fruits (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) represent one of the plant-based natural spices. This study aims to improve fruit yield and essential oil (EO) quality by reducing undesirable component, estragole, under different fertilizer treatments. The fertilizers included chemical nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK), also organic additive, rabbit manure (RM). For bio-fertilization, plants were i...

The aim of this study was to compare chemical composition, relative feed values, and in vitro true digestibility the giant fennel (Ferula communicus L. -F), helis (Prangos ferulacea -H), gum- tragacanth (Astragalus microcephalus WILD. -G) leaves oak tree (Quercus robur -O), a naturally growing plant on high- altitude plateaus Eastern Anatolia, with those alfalfa. In digestibilities (IVTD) rough...

We investigated the effects of fragrance inhalation on sympathetic activity in normal adult subjects using both power spectral analysis of blood pressure fluctuations and measurement of plasma catecholamine levels. Fragrance inhalation of essential oils, such as pepper oil, estragon oil, fennel oil or grapefruit oil, resulted in 1.5- to 2.5-fold increase in relative sympathetic activity, repres...

Three English ophthalmic texts of the 1580s were frequently republished: 1) Walter Bailey's A Briefe Treatise Touching the Preseruation of the Eie Sight, 2) The Method of Phisicke, an adaptation of the medieval treatise of Benevenutus Grassus, and 3) A Worthy Treatise of the Eyes, a translation of Jacques Guillemeau's treatise. Their history is intertwined through composite publications, some o...

Background: Fenugreek and Fennel seed has galactogogues properties due to phytoestrogen structure and can increase the volume of breast milk. Objective: The aim of this study was to comparison the effect of herbals teas containing Fenugreek seed and Fennel seed on the signs of breast milk sufficiency in girl infants with 0-4 months of age. Methods: This study was a triple blind clinical tria...

this study was aimed to evaluate the effects of diets containing some hot and coldtemperament herb seeds according to iranian traditional medicine (itm) on some metabolicparameters in acute (24 h) and sub-acute (7 day) experiments that were performed on rats. foreach experiment, effects of diets containing 10% herb seeds in category of hot (anise, fennel,ajowan) and cold (cucumber, watermelon, ...

fennel (foeniculum vulgare mill.) is an industrial medicinal plant with different pharmaceutical and food applications. in this study, the leaf essential oil composition of 12 iranian accessions of fennel collected from different geographical regions was assessed. the essential oil yield of fennel leaves ranged from 0.65% (varamin accession) to 2.03% (tabriz accession). trans-anethole, fenchone...