BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is the most frequent injury in alpine ski racing, and there is a high prevalence of ACL reinjury. Limited data exist on the concurrent pathology with primary ACL tears in elite alpine ski racers and the magnitude of injury progression after primary ACL reconstruction (ACLR). PURPOSE To evaluate (1) the involvement of intra-articular and multili...

An arthrometer, the ankle flexibility tester (AFT), was developed to quantify six degree-of-freedom measurement of ankle flexibility. It measured the relative motion between the calcaneus and the tibia/fibula produced in response to manually applied forces and moments (1). The AFT has been used to measure the flexibility characteristics of the ankle complex in vitro by incrementally sectioning ...

Coronoid process fractures are reported to occur from avulsion by the brachialis muscle or to be associated with elbow dislocations. We report a rare case of coronoid process fracture due to avulsion by the anterior bundle of the medial collateral ligament rendering the elbow unstable. In children, small fracture fragments of the coronoid process (types 1 & 2) are in reality often much larger b...

Injuries to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) are very common and there seems to be a consensus supporting the conservative management of grade I and II tears. Grade III tears are also usually treated conservatively unless associated with injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament or posterior cruciate ligament. This article outlines rehabilitation programs for conservative treatment of MCL ...

Triceps tendon ruptures are rare injuries. Coexistence of ipsilateral ulnar collateral ligament injury is even rarer. Here, we describe an unusual combination injury to elbow of a 39-year-old male construction worker consisting of triceps tendon rupture, avulsion of elbow ulnar collateral ligament and flexor pronator muscle origin ipsilaterally. A simultaneous repair and reconstruction of all d...