The classic Arrow–Debreu framework requires a very large number of specific securities to reach Pareto optimality. present paper shows that financial intermediation can play an important role in maintaining more parsimonious market while still obtaining In the developed, aggregate risk components individual risks are exchanged through highly reduced set nonspecific securities, idiosyncratic ins...

Coordination between supply chain partners is critical to effective supply chain management. In this paper, we consider two cases of decision-making structure for a simple supply chain consisting of two players: the first case in which a supply chain partner dominates the decision-making process, and the other in which two players share the decision-making process equally. According to the lite...

The idea of resource scarcity permeates health ethics and health policy analysis in various contexts. However, health ethics inquiry seldom asks-as it should-why some settings are 'resource-scarce' and others not. In this article I describe interrogating scarcity as a strategy for inquiry into questions of resource allocation within a single political jurisdiction and, in particular, as an appr...

Attention is called to a little explored scarce resource, termed 'economic competence,' which combines features of human capital and bounded rationality, and causes a singularity in resource-allocation in society. The performance of each economy is shown to strongly depend on how this resource is allocated, which in turn strongly depends upon the economy's institutions ('rules of the game'). Tw...

With the rapid growth of wireless access networks, various providers offer their services using different technologies such as Wi-Fi, Wimax, 3G, 4G and so on. These networks compete for the scarce wireless spectrum. The spectrum is considered to be a scarce resource moderated by the spectrum allocation regulatory (“regulatory” for short) which is the governance body aiming to maximize the socia...

In the context of current economic difficulties across Europe, accurate budgeting and resource allocation have become increasingly important. Vaccination programmes can respond to the needs of governments to budget with confidence. It may be more reliable and accurate to forecast budget and resource allocation for a vaccination programme than for unpredictable seasonal disease peaks of infectio...

The aim of this research is to develop and implement a simple spatio-temporal model of population location and activity that may improve risk assessment for decision-making in both the Finnish Fire and Rescue Services and in the Finnish Defence Forces. The motivation for the research is that present risk models fail to fully take into account the spatial variation in population location during ...

BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa), the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men in the United States and Europe, is an escalating resource allocation issue across healthcare systems in the Western world. The impact of skeletal-related events, associated with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), is considerable with many new therapies being sought to treat these events in a cost-effective...