The adverse impacts of climate change are widely recognized as well as the importance of the mitigation of carbon dioxide (CO2). Battery driven vehicles are expected to have a bright future, since GHG emissions can be reduced. Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries appear to be the most promising, due to their high energy density. Recently, the discussion concerning adequate lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) ...

Since their introduction into the commercial marketplace in 1991, lithium ion batteries have become increasingly ubiquitous in portable technology. Nevertheless, improvements to existing battery technology are necessary to expand their utility for larger-scale applications, such as electric vehicles. Advances may be realized from improvements to the liquid electrolyte; however, current understa...

Materials degradation-the main limiting factor for widespread application of alloy anodes in battery systems-was assumed to be worse in sodium alloys than in lithium analogues due to the larger sodium-ion radius. Efforts to relieve this problem are reliant on the understanding of electrochemical and structural degradation. Here we track three-dimensional structural and chemical evolution of tin...

During charging or discharging of a lithium-ion battery, lithium is extracted from one electrode and inserted into the other. This extraction-insertion reaction causes the electrodes to deform. An electrode is often composed of small active particles in a matrix. If the battery is charged at a rate faster than lithium can homogenize in an active particle by diffusion, the inhomogeneous distribu...

This paper mainly discusses the thermal behavior and performance of Lithium-ion batteries utilized in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) based on numerical simulations. In this work, the battery’s thermal behavior is investigated at different C-rates and also contour plots of phase potential for both tabs and volume-mo...

The electrochemical properties of a solid polymer electrolyte consisting of a diblock copolymer and lithium bis oxalato borate, LiBC4O8 LiBOB salt, is reported. The spherical microphase-separated diblock copolymer is composed of a majority poly ethylene oxide PEO block and a minority random copolymer block of methyl methacrylate MMA and lithium salt of methacrylic acid MAALi , PEO-bPMMA-ran-PMA...

LiCoO 2 is an important lithium storage compound that adopts a distorted rock-salt structure of the α -NaFeO 2 type. After the discovery of reversible lithium (de)intercalation in this layered host compound by Mizushima et al., [ 1 ] this material became central to the introduction and subsequent development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) of high energy and power density. The advantages of LiC...

Safe and efficient operation of lithium ion batteries requires precisely directed flow of lithium ions and electrons to control the first directional volume changes in anode and cathode materials. Understanding and controlling the lithium ion transport in battery electrodes becomes crucial to the design of high performance and durable batteries. Recent work revealed that the chemical potential ...

An in-depth understanding of material behaviours under complex electrochemical environment is critical for the development of advanced materials for the next-generation rechargeable ion batteries. The dynamic conditions inside a working battery had not been intensively explored until the advent of various in situ characterization techniques. Real-time transmission electron microscopy of electro...