First posted September 9, 2022 For additional information, contact: Director, New Mexico Water Science CenterU.S. Geological Survey 6700 Edith Blvd. NE Albuquerque, NM 87113Contact Pubs Warehouse The U.S. (USGS) operates an extensive nationwide network of stream, rain, and groundwater gages. These instruments are used to monitor how much water there is across the Nation at any given moment. Str...

ecological changes resulting from climate conditions can severely affect human societies especially in the area of economy and safety. climate catastrophes may cause social and economic tension. forecasting such changes accurately can help the government to control the disasters and to achieve possible benefits (such as water supply in flood). weather forecasting is the application of science a...

A hydrological model for real time flood forecasting to Civil Protection services requires reliability and rapidity. At present, computational capabilities overcome the rapidity needs even when a fully distributed hydrological model is adopted for a large river catchment as the Upper Po river basin closed at Ponte Becca (nearly 40 000 km2). This approach allows simulating the whole domain and o...

Flooding is a complex and inherently uncertain phenomenon. Consequently forecasts of it are inherently uncertain in nature due to various sources of uncertainty including model uncertainty, input uncertainty and parameter uncertainty. Several approaches have been reported to quantify and propagate uncertainty through flood forecasting models using probabilistic and fuzzy set theory based method...

Time-series analysis techniques for improving the real-time flood forecasts issued by a deterministic lumped rainfall-runoff model are presented. Such techniques are applied for forecasting the short-term future rainfall to be used as real-time input in a rainfall-runoff model and for updating the discharge predictions provided by the model. Along with traditional linear stochastic models, both...

abstract natural disasters threatening and endangering human communities has resulted in the study and research of such disasters through the related sciences and present methods of forecasting their behavior with time and place and also from a qualification and quantity viewpoint. to this end, numerous methods for the determination of the maximum flood in various return period has been made av...

Regional heavy rainfall is usually caused by the influence of extreme weather conditions. Instant heavy rainfall often results in the flooding of rivers and the neighboring low-lying areas, which is responsible for a large number of casualties and considerable property loss. The existing precipitation forecast systems mostly focus on the analysis and forecast of large-scale areas but do not pro...

To improve hydro-chemical modeling and forecasting, there is a need to better understand flood-induced variability in water chemistry and the processes controlling it in watersheds. In the literature, assumptions are often made, for instance, that stream chemistry reacts differently to rainfall events depending on the season; however, methods to verify such assumptions are not well developed. O...