leather manufacturing involves a crucial energy-intensive drying stage in the finishing process to remove its residual moisture. determining drying characteristics of leather is vitally important so as to optimize the drying stage. this paper describes an analytical way for determination of the drying characteristics of leather. the model presented, is based on fundamental heat and mass transfe...

The effect of air temperature, air velocity, and sample shapes (circle and square with the same cross-sectional area) on kinetic drying of potato slices in a tunnel dryer was investigated experimentally and a suitable drying model was developed. The experiments of drying of potato slices were conducted at an air temperature of 45-70°C with an air velocity 1.60 and 1.81 m sec(-1). Results showed...

The thin layer drying of pine forest residues consisting of bark, needles, leaves, and chips was experimentally conducted at air temperatures of 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80C. Physical and chemical properties of fractionated forest residues were determined to evaluate its fuel properties. The experimental data obtained from thin layer drying study were fitted with Lewis, Page, and Henderson and Pabis...

Citation: Haggag YA and Faheem AM (2015) Evaluation of nano spray drying as a method for drying and formulation of therapeutic peptides and proteins. The high sensitivity of peptides and proteins to physicochemical stresses during processing and storage is the major hurdle against its pharmaceutical applications. Peptide-based drug formulations are commonly prepared as solid dosage forms becaus...

The present study evaluates the effect of drying treatments such as convective air drying and freeze-drying on the colour, texture, chemical properties (ash, sugars, fibre and vitamin C), phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of cucumber. The trials in the convective chamber were done at 40 oC and 60 oC, in the drying tunnel were done at 60oC and in the freeze dryer were done at -50oC. It...

Fixed dose combination (FDC) products are gaining more interest by pharma companies worldwide considering their importance in treating the disease and the increased safety/efficacy profile. Very few general guidelines are available with respect to FDCs in USA whereas Europe has some guidelines while India has just started developing such guidelines. Indian market is flooded with several irratio...

The paper presents recent studies on spatial and temporal characterization of the clogging of a large infiltration system and main factors affecting its evolution. Thickness, organic content, density, particle size distribution, biomass and saturated hydraulic conductivity were then evaluated during 10 campaigns from September 2009 to February 2011. The results show that the sediment accumulati...

Excess water in the form of waterlogged soil or deeper submergence (generically termed 'flooding') influences plant growth, survival and species distribution in many natural ecosystems. It also has a negative impact on crop growth and yield since many agricultural species are flooding intolerant. The often devastating effect of flooding on plant performance is related to its interference with g...

Flooding is a fundamental operation in wireless ad hoc networks to propagate control messages in the entire network. The traditional flooding scheme generates excessive packet retransmissions, resource contention, and collisions since every node forwards the packet at least once. Several flooding schemes have been proposed to avoid these problems. However, these unnecessary forwarding nodes rem...