From the viewpoint of Behaviour based Control many control tasks can be divided into separate behaviour components. By defining the relevant behaviour components, the actual control action can be constructed based on the individual control actions of the component behaviours. In this case the control action is either related to an individual behaviour component or to a fusion of behaviour compo...

Much of the flowering time variation in wild strains of Arabidopsis thaliana is due to allelic variation at two epistatically acting loci, FRIGIDA (FRI) and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). FLC encodes a MADS (MCM1/AGAMOUS/DEFICIENS/SRF1) domain transcription factor that directly represses a series of flowering-promoting genes. FRI and FLC, however, do not explain all of the observed variation, especia...

Understanding biological systems at the level of their relational (emergent) molecular properties in functional protein networks relies on imaging methods, able to spatially resolve a tissue or a cell as a giant, non-random, topologically defined collection of interacting supermolecules executing myriads of subcellular mechanisms. Here, the development and findings of parameter-unlimited functi...

Recent developments in South Asian countries, especially the re-emergence of democratic governments, new growth momentum despite the global economic downturn and greater openness, warrant a fresh look at the region’s prospects for economic integration. On the basis of a thorough review of the literature on potential and prospects of regional integration in South Asia and after examining the tre...

Five freeze-tolerant yeast strains suitable for frozen dough were compared with ordinary commercial bakers' yeast. Kluyveromyces thermotolerans FRI 501 cells showed high survival ability after freezing when their resting cells were fermented for 0 to 180 min in modified liquid medium, and they grew to log and stationary phases. Among the freeze-tolerant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, FRI ...

Fire history within the northern larch forests of Central Siberia was studied (65+°N). Fires within this area are predominantly caused by lightning strikes rather than human activity. Mean fire return intervals (FRI) were found to be 112 ± 49 years (based on fire scars) and 106 ± 36 years (based on fire scars and tree natality dates). FRI were increased with latitude increase, and observed to b...

The feasibility of using linkage disequilbrium (LD) to fine-map loci underlying natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana was investigated by looking for associations between flowering time and marker polymorphism in the genomic regions containing two candidate genes, FRI and FLC, both of which are known to contribute to natural variation in flowering. A sample of 196 accessions was used, and p...

Flexibility-rigidity index (FRI) has been developed as a robust, accurate, and efficient method for macromolecular thermal fluctuation analysis and B-factor prediction. The performance of FRI depends on its formulations of rigidity index and flexibility index. In this work, we introduce alternative rigidity and flexibility formulations. The structure of the classic Gaussian surface is utilized ...

Body: Objective: Clarify insulin resistance (IR), diabetes mellitus (DM) and low cerebral flow reserve contributions to stroke (S) and dementia (D). Methods: Among 300 patients with cerebral ischemia symptoms, brain SPECT indices of basal metabolism (CMi), stimulated perfusion (CPi) and cerebral flow reserve (FRi = CPi – CMi and FRr = net stimulated/basal counts) used parabolic renal correction...

Oyster beds in Galveston Bay, Texas, were closed to harvesting during most of the summer of 1998 because 416 persons in 13 states fell ill after eating raw oysters traced to this location (21). Then, just as these shellfish beds appeared to be safe again, New York authorities forbade the harvest of clams and oysters from beds near Long Island in mid-September, after 10 people became ill from ea...