The EM{ML algorithm belongs to a family of algorithms that compute PET (positron emission tomography) reconstructions by iteratively solving a large linear system of equations. We describe a preprocessing scheme for focusing the attention, and thus the computational resources, on a subset of the equations and unknowns in order to reduce both the time and space requirements of such algorithms. T...

-The focus-of-attention techniques implemented in SNA2, a knowledge-based system for seismogram interpretation, are presented. They consist of data compression of the input digital records, scanning of the compressed traces to detect candidate seismograms and extraction of seismogram features. A criterion is given to rate the clarity of seismograms; the clarity defines the order in which the sy...

In this paper, a generic user-attention based focus detection framework is developed to capture user focus points for video frames. The proposed framework considers both bottom-up and top-down attentions, and integrates both image-based and video-based visual features for saliency map computation. For efficiency purpose, the number of adopted features is kept as few as possible. The realized fr...

" MR physics based snake tracking and dense deformations of tagged nu cardiac images, " AAA1 Using dynamic programming for solving variational problems in vision, " IEEE Truns. Puttern Analysis und Muchine Intelligence, pp. 855-867, 1990. R.A. Brooks, " Model-based three-dimensional interpretations of two-dimensional images, " IEEE Truns. Pattern Analysis und Muchine In-Tracing deformable objec...

PURPOSE Different approaches like providing augmented feedback (aF), applying an external focus of attention (EF), or rewarding participants with money (RE) have been shown to instantly enhance motor performance. So far, these approaches have been tested either in separate studies or directly against each other. However, there is no study that combined aF, EF, and/or RE to test whether this pro...

We present an incremental focus of attention (IFA) architecture for adding robust-ness to software-based, real-time, motion trackers. The framework provides a structure which, when given the entire camera image to search, eeciently focuses the attention of the system into a narrow set of conngurations that includes the target conngura-tion. IFA ooers a means for automatic tracking initializatio...

The Hearsay II speech understanding system under development at CarnegieMel lon University is a complex, distributed-logic processing system. Processing in the system is ef fected by independent, data-directed knowledge source processes which examine and alter values in a global data base representing hypothesized phones, phonemes, syllables, words, and phrases, as well as the hypothetical temp...

This paper presents a model for visual focus of attention recognition in the Ambient Kitchen, a pervasive computing prototyping environment. The kitchen is equipped with several blended displays on one wall and users may use information presented on these displays from multiple locations. Our goal is to recognize which display the user is looking at so that the environment can adjust the displa...

This paper builds on existing work on learning protocol behaviour from observation to propose a new framework for visual attention. The main contribution of this work resides in the fact that attention is not given a priori to the vision system but learned by induction from the active observation of patterns in space. These patterns are sequences of coloured objects that are placed by an agent ...

Decision making is an essential component of intelligent behavior. Whether interpreting sensory inputs, allocating cognitive resources, or planning actions, the brain constantly makes decisions based on noisy inputs and competing objectives. Understanding decision making at both the psychological and neurobiological levels is an important problem in neuroscience, and has received increasing the...