BACKGROUND Understanding the dynamics of the microbial communities that, along with their secreted enzymes, are involved in the natural process of biomass composting may hold the key to breaking the major bottleneck in biomass-to-biofuels conversion technology, which is the still-costly deconstruction of polymeric biomass carbohydrates to fermentable sugars.However, the complexity of both the s...

Valued attributes of forests encourage surveys and inventories of multiple attributes that need quantitative definition and integration followed by comprehensible presentation. The Forest Identity defines the four attributes of expanse, growing stock, biomass and carbon in terms of measurable forest area (A), forest density (D), biomass to growing stock ratio (B), and carbon concentration (C). ...

An internally illuminated photobioreactor (IIPBR) design is proposed for energy-efficient biomass production. Theoretical rationale of the IIPBR design and its advantages over the traditional bubble column photobioreactors (PBRs) are presented, followed by experimental results from prototype scale cultivation of freshwater and marine algal strains in an 18L IIPBR. Based on theoretical considera...

gd2o3 nanoparticles were prepared by a two–step process; cathodic electrodeposition followed by heat-treatment method. first, gd(oh)3 nanoparticles was galvanostatically deposited from nitrate bath on the steel substrate by pulse current (pc) mode. the deposition experiments was conducted at a typical on-time and off-time (ton=1ms and toff=1ms) for 60 min. the electrodeposited precursor was the...

There is a growing consensus in the literature that rising temperatures influence the rate of biomass accumulation by shortening the development of plant organs and the whole plant and by altering rates of respiration and photosynthesis. A model describing the net effects of these processes on biomass would be useful, but would need to reconcile reported differences in the effects of night and ...

Algae grown in outdoor reactors (volume: 10 L and depth: 20 cm) were fed directly with filtered and sterilised municipal wastewater. The nutrient removal efficiencies were 86%, 90%, 89%, 70% and 76% for TOC, TN, NH4-N, TP and OP, respectively, and lipid content varied from 18% to 28.5% of dry algal biomass. Biomass productivity of ∼122 mg/l/d (surface productivity 24.4 g/m(2)/d) and lipid produ...

Microalgal growth curve, after the exponential phase, shows a stationary phase where algalbiomass production is inhibited and remains constant by some factors such as nutrientdepletion and intrinsic behavior. The present study is concerned with evaluating effects ofthe culture medium condition and intrinsic behavior on biomass production by Dunaliellatertiolecta. To this end, effect of pH, nutr...

Biomass based energy generation is one of the major focus areas of renewable energy programs in India. The strength of India’s biomass resources mostly lies in the agricultural sector. A large quantity of crop residue biomass is generated in India. However, crop residue biomasses are distributed resources with variation in spatio-temporal availability and its characteristics. Competing uses of ...

about 35 samples were collected from lower and upper parts of the proposed frasnianamennian boundary in three sections of upper devonian marine sediments of the kerman province. the biostratigraphical and geochemical studies indicate that about 45% extinction of brachiopods probably caused by the frasnian-famennian bioevents, which is slightly higher than thr rate of devonian-carboniferous exti...