The present study demonstrates accumulation and distribution of heavy metals (Fe, Cr, Cd, Pb & Cu) in cultivated soil and vegetables, and its potential implication to health risk via consumption of contaminated vegetables. Deposition of atmospheric metals results significant enrichment of metal contents (Pb=1.6, Cu=1.4 & Cd=15.9) in cultivated soil. Elevated metal content in soil facilitate hig...

introduction: this study was intended to determine the presence and distribution of listeria monocytogenes in various meat and dairy products from qazvin province by culture followed by biochemical and morphological assays. the identity of the isolates was further obtained by amplification of prfa gene in bacteria isolates. this gene is a transcriptional activator of virulence gene expression w...

Digital technologies are increasingly being incorporated into the provision of enrichment for captive primates, ranging from ad-hoc use iPads to specifically designed hardware installed in design new exhibits. In this article, we present a digital system that utilizes novel approach with interactive projections, orangutan exhibit at Melbourne Zoo. While previous research has involved reinforcem...

All organisms are composed of multiple chemical elements such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus. While energy flow and element cycling are two fundamental and unifying principles in ecosystem theory, population models usually ignore the latter. Such models implicitly assume chemical homogeneity of all trophic levels by concentrating on a single constituent, generally an equivalent of energy. I...

Production of chicken meat is an important branch of food industry. Generally, poultry meat farmers aim to produce birds with superior body weight and feed conversion ratio. However, in line with current developments, there are other parameters that must to be taken into account such as lower body fat deposition and improvement in the nutrient composition of products corresponding to consumer r...

A rudimentary predator-prey model is considered that is stoichometric, in that the nutrient content of the producer species affects the ability of the consumer to produce biomass. We show that the model supports biologically important dynamical properties that differ from the corresponding non-stoichiometric model. Specifically, under the assumption of Holling II-type functional response, for a...

This article attempts to determine the effects of environment (captive or wild) and a simple form of environmental enrichment on the behavior and physiology of a nonhuman animal. Specifically, analyses first compared behavioral budgets and stereotypic behavior of captive coyotes (Canis latrans) in kennels and pens to their counterparts in the wild. Second, experiments examined the effect of a s...

Poultry meat is considered to be a major vector of transmission of Campylobacter, either directly, through consumption of poorly prepared product or cross-contamination, or indirectly, through introduction of the bacterium into the food production environment. Efficient detection of Campylobacter is intrinsic to the management of the pathogen during poultry production. The TECRA Campylobacter V...