In September 1974, the largest outbreak of foodborne salmonellosis ever reported to the Center for Disease Control--affecting an estimated 3,400 persons--occurred on the Navajo Nation Indian Reservation. The responsible agent was Salmonella newport and the vehicle of transmission was potato salad served to an estimated 11,000 persons at a free barbecue. The cooked ingredients of the potato sala...

OBJECTIVES In Korea, every outbreak of acute gastroenteritis in two or more patients who are epidemiologically related is investigated by local public health centres to determine causative agents and control the outbreak with the support of the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions of each outbreak investigation have been summarized annually since 2007 ...

To the Editor: Salmonella infections are among the most prevalent recognised communicable diseases caused by bacteria, and a major cause of food poisoning throughout the world. The Enteric Diseases Reference Unit (EDRU) of the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) is a reference centre in South Africa (SA) for various enteric pathogens including Salmonella, and participates in nat...

Public health and food safety officials have long recognized the important role that state agencies play in protecting consumers from foodborne disease. With the increasing occurrence of multi-jurisdictional outbreaks, efforts have been underway to modernize and make more uniform the patchwork of state laws, protocols, and policies that exist across the U.S. for food-borne illness surveillance ...

Between April and June 2010, a small national outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium with a particular multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) type was identified in Denmark through laboratory-based surveillance. The outbreak involved twenty cases, primarily living within the greater Copenhagen area. Half of the cases were children aged ten years or younger and 12 were male; three ...

High-throughput sequencing (HTS) is becoming the state-of-the-art technology for typing of microbial isolates, especially in clinical samples. Yet, its application is still in its infancy for monitoring and outbreak investigations of foods. Here we review the published literature, covering not only bacterial but also viral and Eukaryote food pathogens, to assess the status and potential of HTS ...

BACKGROUND Norovirus is increasingly being recognized as a leading cause of foodborne disease. Nevertheless, well documented foodborne outbreaks due to norovirus are rarely found in the literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted for identifying the source of a gastroenteritis outbreak. A total of 325 persons were identified as the at risk group. RESULTS The ...

In August 1996, an outbreak of Norwalk virus gastroenteritis occurred among south-east Queensland and northern New South Wales residents over a four week period. Ninety-two of the 97 cases detected were confirmed as having consumed raw oysters within three days prior to developing the illness. No other food items or beverages were significantly associated with the illness. Environmental investi...

BACKGROUND We report a widespread foodborne outbreak of Cryptosporidium parvum in England and Scotland in May 2012. Cases were more common in female adults, and had no history of foreign travel. Over 300 excess cases were identified during the period of the outbreak. Speciation and microbiological typing revealed the outbreak strain to be C. parvum gp60 subtype IIaA15G2R1. METHODS Hypothesis ...

In 2012, CDC collaborated with state health and agricultural agencies and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate an outbreak of Salmonella Bredeney infections associated with exposure to peanut products manufactured by Sunland, Inc. of Portales, New Mexico.