Hand, foot and mouth disease usually affect infants and children. Although seen worldwide, it is not common in India. It is moderately contagious and is spread through direct contact with the mucus, saliva, or feces of an infected person. It typically occurs in small epidemics, usually during the summer and autumn months. The incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease has recently been on the ri...

For example, a standard assumption in derivational prosodic phonology is that lower-level constituents are created before higher ones: e.g. syllables, then feet, then the word. In metrical phonology, this bottom-up construction means feet are created before the word layer (by the End Rule, picking out the leftmost or rightmost foot). But Hayes (1995) and others have argued that sometimes there ...

Falls due to slips are prevalent in everyday life. The purpose of this study was to determine the reactive recovery responses used to maintain dynamic stability during an unexpected slip, establish the time course of response adaptation to repeated slip perturbations, and distinguish the proactive strategies for negotiating a slippery surface. Twelve young adults participated in the study in wh...

This paper describes a tactile sensing system based on a force/torque sensor for the feet of a pipe crawling robot. Such a sensing system is needed for better optimization of force and joint load distribution and a safer avoidance of the risk of foot slippage. While conventional tactile sensing devices typically provide information concerning the spatial distribution of normal pressures, the in...

This study examined the validity of an inertial measurement unit system for measuring lower-limb joint kinematics during linear decelerations. A male team athlete (age 36 years, stature 1.75 m, mass 80.0 kg) performed multiple decelerations, following 20 m runs at 50%, 75% and 100% self-perceived effort. Inertial sensors were strapped to segments retroreflective markers adhered lower-limbs 3D o...

OBJECTIVE This is a retrospective study showing the incidence, type and extent of injuries occurring in the foot and/or ankle as a result of recreational sports practice. METHODS We treated 131 patients, of which 123 were male and 8 female, with a history of trauma and pain in the foot and/or ankle after the practicing recreational sports. The average age of the male patients was 24.53 years....

Accurately modeling contact behaviors for realworld, near-rigid materials remains a grand challenge for existing rigid-body physics simulators. This paper introduces a data-augmented contact model that incorporates analytical solutions with observed data to predict the contact impulse between a particular pair of objects (e.g. a specific robot foot contacting a specific surface). The method enh...

Estimating the knee functional axis (KFA) is crucial to both correctly implanting a prosthesis and accessing joint kinematics. Researchers have reported on the KFA mainly with regard to manual management of flexion–extension movements performed passively without any voluntary movements. Active touch and movement refers to what is ordinarily called touching—variations in skin stimulation caused ...

The focus of this paper is the problem of foot rotation in biped robots during the single-support phase. Foot rotation is an indication of postural instability, which should be carefully treated in a dynamically stable walk and avoided altogether in a statically stable walk. We introduce the foot-rotation indicator (FRI) point, which is a point on the foot/ground-contact surface where the net g...