measurement of the loads exerted on the limb is a fundamental part of designing of an assistive device, which has been done by using strain gauges or a transducer. although calculation of loads applied on an orthosis coefficients achieved from calibration is a standard way, most of researchers determined the loads based on available equations. therefore, the aim of this research is finding the ...

Rubber based forming process is a versatile metal fabrication process used in commercial aerospace, automotive and defence applications. It is well suited for prototyping and production of small quantities of sheet metal parts. Rubber based forming employs a rubber pad contained in the rigid chamber or flexible diaphragm as one tool half, requiring only one solid half to form a part to final sh...

We have utilized time-resolved high-temperature atomic force microscopy (AFM) to investigate the mechanism by which topographic templates induce alignment of cylinder-forming diblock copolymer thin films. By tracking the same sample spot during thermal annealing, we observed that the structural evolution and alignment of thin films in confinement involve an intermediate state with disordered mo...

A new sintering mechanism is revealed for copper powder being sintered under the influence from electrical field and force-field during forming of micro-components. The analysis of the microstructure and grain boundary evolution on the sintered samples showed that interface disappearance at contact areas between particles is a continuous process which involves new grain formation and grain refi...

We have used an atomic-force microscope tip to mechanically buckle single-walled carbon nanotubes. The resistance of the induced defects ranged from 10 to 100 kV and varied with the local Fermi level, as determined by scanned-gate microscopy. By forming two closely spaced defects on metallic nanotubes, we defined quantum dots less than 100 nm in length. These devices exhibited single-electron c...

Mechanical force plays a fundamental role in neuronal development, physiology, and regeneration. In particular, research has shown that force is involved in growth cone-mediated axonal growth and guidance as well as stretch-induced elongation when an organism increases in size after forming initial synaptic connections. However, much of the details about the exact role of force in these fundame...

A simple and versatile nanoscale force induced precipitation approach for the separation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) was developed. The AuNPs show sharp size-dependent colloidal stability thresholds as a function of salt concentration. Upon separation, the AuNPs were electrostatically self-assembled onto silicon substrates by fine-tuning interparticle and particle-substrate forces, forming 2D...

6.1 Literature review matrix Taha E. et al (2015) evaluated Diclofenac Sodium (DS) matrix tablets prepared by direct compression method under different compression forces using ethyl cellulose as matrix forming material. The produced tablets were characterized for hardness, friability, drug content, weight variations and in vitro drug release. Incompatibility study carried out using DSC FT-IR s...