Abstract The relationship between thresholds of free radical generation and atomization under ultrasound exposure was investigated to elucidate the mechanisms ultrasonic atomization. In experiments gradually increase transducer driving voltage, generation, a quick transition water surface shape from protuberance fountain, had same threshold. using acoustic loading conditions with different shap...

Data networks, such as wireless networks and the Internet, in addition to offering reliable point-to-point unicast communication, also support a multicast facility by which a sender can disseminate data to multiple receivers (clients) without incurring a per-receiver cost. One of the shortcomings of traditional multicast protocols is their inability to deliver data reliably to all receivers in ...

Wireless sensor network technologies enable a wide variety of applications (e.g., environmental monitoring). Such sensor networks are often deployed in regions that make it difficult to collect and redistribute the nodes for maintenance. However, there is often a need to reprogram all of the nodes in the network, either during application test phases on deployed networks, or to support software...

The evidence for locating the High Velocity Clouds in the Local Group is summarized and evaluated. Recent measurements of the Hα surface brightness and metallicity of a number of HVCs appear to be fatal to the Galactic fountain as a significant contributor to the HVC phenomenon, but not to the existence of the fountain itself. Observations of extragalactic analogues to HVCs remain the sine qua ...

Studies of the halo gas in the Milky Way and in nearby spiral galaxies show the presence of gas complexes that cannot be reconciled with an internal (galactic fountain) origin and are direct evidence of gas accretion. Estimating gas accretion rates from these features consistently gives values, which are one order of magnitude lower than what is needed to feed the star formation. I show that th...