Background: Size of fourth ventricle varies in different pathologies, the context enlarged brain ventricles size observed routine clinical practices, knowledge usual range exact measurement is required. Aims and Objectives: This study hospital-based observational to derive normal correlating it with measurements cerebrum age patients. Materials Methods: Hospital-based prospective was conducted ...

Short-survival and long-survival thymidine radiograms, and methacrylate-embedded tissue from normal and X-irradiated rat embryos were used to delineate the neuroepithelial source of the cerebellum and trace the earliest cell movements. The cerebellar anlage, crescent shaped, is demarcated by two ventricular landmarks, the anterior extension of the tela choroidea of the fourth ventricle and the ...

We read with interest the report of. 1 The fact that the lumbosacral spina bifida was detected by directly visualizing the spine at 13weeks in a low-risk patient shows high quality of scanning in the ultrasound unit reporting. Unfortunately, in most centers, performing 11–13-week screening, open spina bifida (OSB) is not usually detected at this early stage 2,3 but at the second trimester scan ...

CASE REPORT The case of 44 year old male patient with palpebral ptosis and trigeminal neuralgia as presenting sign of fourth ventricle ependymoma is reported. After surgical treatment, the patient developed a residual paresis of the sixth cranial nerve. DISCUSSION Horner's syndrome occurs due to an alteration of the sympathetic innervations of the eye and adnexa. Some tumours may be the cause...

We report a case of large choroid plexus papilloma of the fourth ventricle in a 23-year-old woman. She presented with severe headache, dysphagia, and gait disturbances. Horizontal nystagmus, ataxic gait and quadriparesis were detected on initial examination. Imaging studies showed a large mass in the left side of brain stem and a marked hydrocephalus. The tumour was removed by microsurgical dis...

A 24-year-old woman presented with 2 months of episodic vertigo, vomiting, and headache triggered by abrupt head movements, lasting from a few minutes to 1 hour. She was asymptomatic between the attacks and had mild gait ataxia on examination. Brain MRI revealed obstructive hydrocephalus and a cystic lesion in the fourth ventricle (figures 1 and 2). Her symptoms subsided after cyst excision; a ...

dandy-walker syndrome is a congenital brain malformation involving the cerebellum and the fourth ventricle. the key features of this syndrome are mental retardation, cerebellar ataxia, and symptoms related to hydrocephaly. the psychiatric aspects of this syndrome have been insufficiently appreciated. described here is a 17- year- old girl with an acute manic episode emerged in the course of dan...

OBJECTIVE Prenatal diagnosis of open spina bifida is carried out by ultrasound examination in the second trimester of pregnancy. The diagnosis is suspected by the presence of a 'lemon-shaped' head and a 'banana-shaped' cerebellum, thought to be consequences of caudal displacement of the hindbrain. The aim of the study was to determine whether in fetuses with spina bifida this displacement of th...

This report describes the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose cervical syringomyelia in 4 cats. MRI revealed enlargement of the lateral ventricle in all the cats. Of the 4 cases, MRI revealed herniation of the cerebellum in 3 cats, an isolated fourth ventricle in 1 cat, severe hydrocephalus in 2 cats and brain masses in 1 cat. In this report, the cervical syringomyelia in these ...

Multiciliated ependymal (E1) cells line the brain ventricles and are essential for brain homeostasis. We previously identified in the lateral ventricles a rare ependymal subpopulation (E2) with only two cilia and unique basal bodies. Here we show that E2 cells form a distinct biciliated epithelium extending along the ventral third into the fourth ventricle. In the third ventricle floor, apical ...