Competition is a word of various meanings. In biology, it originally was introduced to account for the low survival rate of the potential offspring of all creatures. The number of seeds formed by a pea plant may be a dozen; most annual plants produce hundreds or thousands of seeds; cottonwood trees and orchids seeds run to the millions; and, in the case of fern and mushroom spores, there are bi...

a general synthetic route to the synthesis of imidazoles has been developed using nano sbcl5/sio2 under solvent-free conditions. the multi-component reactions of aldehydes, benzil and ammonium acetate were carried out to afford some trisubstituted imidazole derivatives. this method provides several advantages like simple work-up, environmentally benign, and shorter reaction times along with hig...

The antiparasitic activity of certain indigenous plant extracts was tested against the model bovine filarial parasite Setaria digitata. Among the plants tested, the extracts of Strebulus asper was found to be most effective. The chloroform and other phase of the organic solvents showed most activity indicating that the active compound may be a non polar substance having low molecular weight.

A total of 50 Candida isolates were isolated and identified from clinical specimens and these were tested for resistance to various antifungal drugs. It was observed multi-drug resistance in all candida isolates by 84%, 62%, 60%, 76%, 46, 30%, and 22% against fluconazole, clotrimazole, Amphotericin B, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole and nystatin tested respectively. The isolates, which w...

Spatial heterogeneity in soil nutrient availability can influence performance of invasive plant species under competition-free environments. However, little was known about whether plants perform better heterogeneous than homogeneous conditions competition with native communities. We conducted a multi-species greenhouse experiment to test the effect on growth and invasion success alien communit...

The process industry is confronted with rising demands for flexibility and efficiency. One way to achieve this modular plants, which consist of pre-manufactured modules their own decentralized intelligence. Plants are then composed these as unchangeable building blocks can be easily re-configured different products. Condition monitoring such plants necessary, but the available solutions not app...

Since Wingard (^4) ^ reported that tobacco plants that had recovered from severe stages of the ring spot disease failed to show the usual disease symptoms when reinoculated with the ring spot virus, similar reactions have been observed in several other plant viruses, including curly top (4, i^, ^i). Price (la) has presented an extensive and detailed review of this subject. The term ' ^recovery'...

Aqueous, ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of 13 plants used in South Africa for the treatment of venereal diseases were screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity. Among the plants tested, Gunnera perpensa, Harpephyllum caffrum, Hypoxis latifolia and Ledebouria ovatifolia showed the best antibacterial activity. The aqueous extracts of Gunnera perpensa and Harpephyllum caffrum were m...

To prevent the staggering degradation of environment, restrictions in use plant protection products and fertilizers are being strengthened every year. Therefore, methods for improving tolerance to unfavorable environmental conditions sought positively affect both plants natural environment. Here, we evaluated compared efficacy four commercial biostimulants on winter wheat drought stress. The ef...

Eight genotypes of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) were tested for bioaccumulation and transport of arsenic (As) in a pot experiment under controlled growth condition. Along with control (no As was added), plants were grown for 60 d in pot soil spiked with 100 mg As kg, added as Sodium arsenate. Significant (P < 0.05) variations among eight genotypes were observed in bioaccumulation and transpor...