In this paper, we look at comparing highaccuracy context-free parsers with highaccuracy finite-state (shallow) parsers on several shallow parsing tasks. We show that previously reported comparisons greatly under-estimated the performance of context-free parsers for these tasks. We also demonstrate that contextfree parsers can train effectively on relatively little training data, and are more ro...

We analyze classification error on unseen cases, i.e. cases that are different from those in the training set. Unlike standard generalization error, this off-training-set error may differ significantly from the empirical error with high probability even with large sample sizes. We derive a datadependent bound on the difference between off-training-set and standard generalization error. Our resu...

Understanding the structural and energetic requirements of non-fibrillar oligomer formation harbors the potential to decipher an important yet still elusive part of amyloidogenic peptide and protein aggregation. Low-molecular-weight oligomers are described to be transient and polymorphic intermediates in the nucleated self-assembly process to highly ordered amyloid fibers and were additionally ...

We present a simple context-free grammatical inference algorithm, and prove that it is capable of learning an interesting subclass of context-free languages. We also demonstrate that an implementation of this algorithm is capable of learning auxiliary fronting in polar interrogatives (AFIPI) in English. This has been one of the most important test cases in language acquisition over the last few...

The effects of two C(60) derivatives: C(60)[C(COOH)(2)](3) and C(60)(NH(2))(x)(OH)(y), have been investigated on the bioluminescence of humanized Gaussia luciferase (hGluc) for the first time. Utilizing the dual properties of carboxyl C(60) with luminescence quenching and free radicals scavenging, a novel BRET system was constructed for protease detection with high sensitivity.

We present a study of the transitional pathways between high-symmetry structural motifs for AgAu nanoparticles, with a specific focus on controlling the energetic barriers through chemical design. We show that the barriers can be altered by careful control of the elemental composition and chemical arrangement, with core@shell and vertex-decorated arrangements being specifically influential on t...

We present the Carnegie Mellon University Stat-XFER group submission to the WMT 2011 shared translation task. We built a hybrid syntactic MT system for French–English using the Joshua decoder and an automatically acquired SCFG. New work for this year includes training data selection and grammar filtering. Expanded training data selection significantly increased translation scores and lowered OO...

A true assertion about the input-output behavior of a Turing Machine M may be independent of (i.e., impossible to prove in) a theory T because the computational behavior of M is particularly opaque, or because the function or set computed by M is inherently subtle. The latter sorts of representation-independent independence results are more satisfying. For 2 assertions, the best-known technique...

This study used a computer-based teaching system to investigate the effectiveness of stroke-order learning and writing exercises in promoting the ability of Chinese-as-a-foreign-language (CFL) learners to recognize and write Chinese characters. This study included a 2 (stroke-order and non-strokeorder) 2 (writing exercise and non-writing exercise) 2 (test point) mixed factorial design involving...

We investigate the relationship between the facial structure of the unit ball of an operator algebra A and its algebraic structure, including the hereditary subalgebras and the socle of A. Many questions about the facial structure of A are studied with the aid of representation theory. For that purpose we establish the existence of reduced atomic type representations for certain nonselfadjoint ...