The chloride diffusion of marine high-performance concrete under a couple actions, flexural load and freezing–thawing, was investigated by fast freezing thawing test in NaCl solution. Concrete specimens 100 × 515 mm were tested bending 300 freeze–thaw cycles the stress levels 15%, 30%, 50% ultimate fracture modulus. change microstructure analyzed SEM MIP. results indicated that coefficient coup...

Bridgmanite, the most abundant mineral in Earth's lower mantle, can be found meteorites that experienced instantaneous high shock pressure during parent body impact. However, presence of bridgmanite is unusual because grains should amorphized under residual post-shock temperatures at ambient pressure. Here, we report results time-resolved synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements to analyze am...

The effect of wheat chromosome 5A on free amino acid accumulation induced by osmotic stress was compared in chromosome 5A substitution lines with different freezing tolerance. Treatment with 15% polyethylene glycol (PEG) resulted in greater total free amino acid content even after 3 days compared to the controls. The ratio of amino acids belonging to various amino acid families differed after 3...

Trauma- and stress-related disorders are among the most common types of mental illness affecting the U.S. population. For many of these disorders, there is a striking sex difference in lifetime prevalence; for instance, women are twice as likely as men to be affected by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Gonadal steroids and their metabolites have been implicated in sex differences in fear a...

Recent studies on the effect of stress on modulation of fear memory in our laboratory have uncovered endogenous opioid and adrenergic based modulation systems, working in concert, that limit the strengthening or weakening of newly acquired fear memory during consolidation under conditions of mild or intense stress, respectively. The present study sought to determine if similar stress-dependent ...

A number of clinical studies in which early adversities were defined retrospectively, demonstrated that early adverse experiences increased the morbidity rate of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in later life. However, no prospective studies have yet been conducted to elucidate whether early adversity affects the risk or severity of PTSD. Thus, we examined whether early adversity would str...

Plants regularly face adverse growth conditions, such as drought, salinity, chilling, freezing, and high temperatures. These stresses can delay growth and development, reduce productivity, and, in extreme cases, cause plant death. Plant stress responses are dynamic and involve complex cross-talk between different regulatory levels, including adjustment of metabolism and gene expression for phys...