In order to adjust observed frequencies of occurrence, previous studies have suggested a variety of measures of dispersion and adjusted frequencies. In a previous study, I reviewed many of these measures and suggested an alternative measure, DP (for ‘deviation of proportions’), which I argued to be conceptually simpler and more versatile than many competing measures. However, despite the releva...

Sequence distances are defined in terms of the differences in the occurrence frequencies in sequences of oligonucleotides of length n. Such n-distances are used to construct phylogenetic trees from a set of thirty-five 16S or 18S rRNA sequences. The quality of the trees generally improves with increasing n and reaches a plateau at n=7 or 8. The best n-distance trees are compatible to trees base...

Recent literature in the cognitive sciences has demonstrated that cognition is fundamentally embodied. For instance, various studies have shown that semantic knowledge about the human body correlates with spatial body representations, suggesting that such knowledge is embodied in nature. An alternative explanation for this finding comes from the Symbol Interdependency Hypothesis, which argues t...

We present an efficient algorithm for calculating q-gram frequencies on strings represented in compressed form, namely, as a straight line program (SLP). Given an SLP T of size n that represents string T , the algorithm computes the occurrence frequencies of all q-grams in T , by reducing the problem to the weighted q-gram frequencies problem on a trie-like structure of size m = |T | − dup(q, T...

iintroduction: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rtms) modulates the excitability of cortical neural networks. the effect of rtms on excitability of cortical networks depends on its frequency. according to the previous reports, a distinction is made between low (<1hz) and high frequencies of rtms. low frequencies of rtms inhibit seizure but high frequencies increase it. in the curre...

MOTIVATION Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are widely used for population studies, forensic purposes and, potentially, the study of disease, therefore knowledge of their mutation rate is valuable. Here we show a novel method for estimation of site-specific Y-STR mutation rates from partial phylogenetic information, via the maximum likelihood framework. RESULTS Given Y-STR data clas...

[1] Measurements of global hydrometeor coverage and occurrence frequencies as observed by the cloud radar on CloudSat are summarized using data collected during Summer 2006. CloudSat was launched on 28 April 2006 and began collecting data routinely on 7 June 2006. In this article we document the distribution of cloudiness from the ITCZ to the Polar regions as observed by CloudSat during the fir...