OBJECTIVE Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) remains one of the most common surgical treatments for patients with obstructive sleep apnea. However, the results after UPPP are unpredictable. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to identify predictors of success after UPPP. DATA SOURCES A literature search was performed utilizing PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane Library. REVIEW METHODS ...

For many years, the yin and yang of the debate about the causes of the Great Depression were The Monetary History of the United States, 1867-1960 by Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz (1963), and Peter Temin’s 1976 book, Did Monetary Forces Cause the Great Depression? As all monetary economists know, in their book Friedman and Schwartz made the Depression a central case study in support of their...

Discerning what globalization means for state and local economic development strategies, structures, and policies remains a formidable governance challenge today. Gaining considerable attention in the popular media have been two very different diagnoses and sets of recommendations for coping with globalization, one offered by journalist Thomas Friedman (The World is Flat) and the other by econo...

We present the method introduced by Neeman of generalized side conditions with two types of models. We then discuss some applications: a variation of the Friedman-Mitchell poset for adding a club with finite conditions, the consistency of the existence of an ω2 increasing chain in (ω1 1 , <fin), originally proved by Koszmider, and the existence of a thin very tall superatomic Boolean algebra, o...

"Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The Wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest‐tost to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" Emma Lazarus, 1883 This wonderful sonnet captures the spirit of the free immigration era in the 19th century U.S.A. The welfare state idea, still in its embryonic state in Europe, had yet to...