Bears consuming wild fruits for fall energy accumulation are constrained by several factors, including intake rate, the physiological capacity of the gastrointestinal tract, and the metabolic efficiency of gain in body mass. We measured these relationships through foraging and feeding trials using captive and wild black bears (Ursus americanus) and grizzly bears (Ursus arctos). Four fruit types...

Alfalfa, red clover, orchardgrass and timothy were harvested in the vegetative stage, wilted and stored as hay, or ensiled in small batch silos (20 kg) at 60, 40 or 20% (direct cut) dry matter and were analyzed for compositional differences. A ruminally cannulated lactating cow, consuming 50% of her dry matter intake from hay crop silage, was used to measure in situ dry matter, N, neutral deter...

The columnar form of apple tree is promising for growing in super-intensive orchards. mineral nutrition study with crown relevant due to high density planting. article presents the results on effect fertilizers potash and yield tree. experiments were carried out an experimental orchard located forest-steppe zone Central Russian Upland (Oryol region). soil loamy haplic Luvisol a content organic ...

dry matter remobilization, grain filling rate and duration has principle role on rice grain yield, and environment condition directly affect on them. for study the influence of climate factors a factorial field experiment in randomized complete blocks design with three replications conducted at haraz extention and technology development centre in spring 2013. treatments included rice cultivars ...

in order to investigate the effect of pruning and potassium nutrition on pumpkin grain yield and quality, a factorial experiment based on complete block design with four replications was carried out in nooshar village of ardabil province, ardabil, iran, in 2007. experimental factors include potassium nutrition in three level (0, 75 and 150 kg/ha from potassium sulfate) and stem pruning (without...

An experiment was conducted at the research farm of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh, during November 2013 to April 2014 to determine the growth and yield performance of four varieties of black cumin (Exotic variety, BARI kalozira-1, Faridpur local and Natore local) as influenced by three levels of fertilizers ...

BACKGROUND The effectiveness of hot air treatments in controlling decay and insects in mango fruit has been demonstrated and has usually been assessed as a function of the temperature of the heated air and the duration of the treatment. However, the contribution of the moisture content of the heated air has received little attention, especially with regard to fruit quality. In this study, mango...

When fruit set and rainfall are sufficient, grape yields in Arkansas are high, but rain is not always sufficient in Arkansas. There is enough, in terms of inches, but it often comes at the wrong times. Records during the past 20 years have shown that in all but 3 years in Northwest Arkansas, there have been brief dry spells during the growing season that lasted for at least two or three weeks. ...