Abstract Using the method of direct shadow photography dispersed composition fuel spray was studied when water-fuel emulsion is sprayed with superheater steam jet. For emulsions a mass water content 5 and 10%, characteristic droplet size in flow 1–2 μm sufficient for effective combustion.

The detailed analysis of the fuel sprays has been well recognized as an important step for optimizing the operation of internal-combustion engines to improve efficiency and reduce emissions. However, the structure and dynamics of highly transient fuel sprays have never been visualized or reconstructed in three dimensions (3D) previously due to numerous technical difficulties. By using an ultraf...

The current work discusses our efforts to fabricate 3-D micro-nozzles using a novel, modified MEMS-LIGA process. These nozzles may provide a spray pattern to continue to reduce spray droplet sizes while minimizing interspray drop collisions and optimize the entrainment of air among the array of liquid spray streams. The paper also discusses the efforts made to form a bond between the micro-nozz...

Seminomas and dysgerminomas are epizootic in softshell clams, Mya arenaria, from three Maine estuaries contaminated with herbicides. The first epizootic was discovered in 22% of clams collected as Searsport near Long Cove Brook and three culverts that conveyed heating oil and jet fuel spilled from a tank farm in 1971. Data from subsequent epizootiological studies and a series of long-term exper...

the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of injection parameters on a heavy duty diesel engine performance and emission characteristics. in order to analyze the injection and spray characteristics of diesel fuel with employing high-pressure common-rail injection system, the injection characteristics such as injection delay, injection duration, injection rate, number of nozzle hole...

Small engines (<19kW) are used in many offroad applications, in both the domestic and industrial markets. The dominant driving force in these markets is cost; therefore the vast majority of these engines still use low cost carburettors to meter the fuel into the intake port. However all these engines are now facing increasingly strict emission targets and hence require new technologies to meet ...

Technological developments in diesel engines require improvements to the fuel injection system meet criteria for economical, high-power and efficient combustion environmental regulatory standards. One method that has a lot of interest is changing characteristics fuel, with aim producing optimal combustion. Spray have big role determining quality engines. A good spray can improve atomization hom...

Large-eddy simulation (LES) of kerosene spray combustion in a model supersonic combustor with cavity flame holder is carried out. Kerosene is injected through the ceiling of the cavity. The subgrid-scale (SGS) turbulence stress tensor is closed via the Smagorinsky’s eddyviscosity model, chemical source terms are modelled by a finite rate chemistry (FRC) model, and a four-step reduced kerosene c...

This study was performed to analyze the spray, combustion, and air pollutant characteristic of JP-5 fuel for naval aircraft in a spray visualization system single-cylinder CRDI diesel engine that can be visualized. The analysis results were compared with DF. tip penetration showed diminished as developed. had highest ROHR ROPR regardless injection timings. physicochemical characteristics JP-5, ...

A 3-D CFD model based on KIVA 3 code is developed with a “reduced” detailed chemical kinetics of 291 elementary reaction steps with 79 chemical species for diesel fuel combustion. The model was validated by the corresponding experimental results and employed to examine some important parameters which have significant effects on the engine performance for an IDI diesel engine with a swirl chambe...