In this paper a novel method for computing the radiation pattern and also the input impedance of a planar rectangular micro-strip antenna array with consideration of mutual coupling and mutual impedance is presented. Each two triangles with a common edge make an Edge element or RWG. Any such edge element is considered as an infinitesimal dipole. The electrical currents over each dipole can be c...

let $g$ be a simple connected graph. the edge-wiener index $w_e(g)$ is the sum of all distances between edges in $g$, whereas the hyper edge-wiener index $ww_e(g)$ is defined as {footnotesize $w{w_e}(g) = {frac{1}{2}}{w_e}(g) + {frac{1}{2}} {w_e^{2}}(g)$}, where {footnotesize $ {w_e^{2}}(g)=sumlimits_{left{ {f,g} right}subseteq e(g)} {d_e^2(f,g)}$}. in this paper, we present explicit formula fo...

Two concepts of first- and second-order differential of images are presented to deal with the changes of pixels. These are the basic ideas in mathematics. We propose and reformulate them with a uniform definition framework. Based on our observation and analysis with the difference, we propose an algorithm to detect the edge from image. Experiments on Corel5K and PASCAL VOC 2007 are done to show...

A new code is presented for solving linear eigenvalue problems from fluid models of the edge plasma of tokamaks. The 2DX code solves linearized fluid equations in a 2D cross-section of the plasma, with toroidal mode number resolving the third dimension. Geometry capabilities include both closed and open field lines, allowing solution of x-point problems as well as a variety of other toroidal an...

A method of noise reduction proposed for the next generation aircraft is to shield from propulsion system, by positioning source over a wing or another surface. In this paper, an approximate analysis developed acoustic field far circular placed near edge semi-infinite plate, model problem shielding and scattering trailing edge. The approximation small radius found be accurate when compared full...

We prove that, for a primitive permutation group G acting on a set X of size n, other than the alternating group, the probability that Aut(X, Y ) = G for a random subset Y of X, tends to 1 as n → ∞. So the property of the title holds for all primitive groups except the alternating groups and finitely many others. This answers a question of M. H. Klin. Moreover, we give an upper bound n for the ...

Charge carriers in the quantum Hall regime propagate via one-dimensional conducting channels that form along the edges of a two-dimensional electron gas. Controlling their transmission through a gate-tunable constriction, also called quantum point contact, is fundamental for many coherent transport experiments. However, in graphene, tailoring a constriction with electrostatic gates remains chal...

An automatic two-dimensional mesh generation scheme based on superelement decomposition technique is presented. The proposed approximate skeletal method (ASM) uses shape interrogation techniques on simplified geometric representation of the shape boundary to generate non-intersecting, topologically simple and mappable superelements. A recursive mesh generation scheme, meshing by successive deco...

This paper argues that all network providers in a connectionless multi-service network should offer each class of their service to each neighbour for each direction at a single price. This is called ‘splitedge pricing’. If sets of customers wish to reapportion their networking charges between themselves, this should be tackled end-to-end. Edge reapportionment should not be muddled with networki...