BACKGROUND There is little information on the incidence of acute lung injury or changes in the pulmonary circulation in acute liver failure. The aim of this study was to record the incidence of acute lung injury in fulminant hepatic failure caused by paracetamol poisoning, to document the associated pulmonary circulatory changes, and to assess the impact of lung injury on patient outcome. MET...

A reproducible animal model of fulminant hepatic failure was developed by intraperitoneal administration of D-galactosamine hydrochloride to Sprague-Dawley rats. Biochemical and morphological hepatic injury and brain edema resembled human fulminant hepatic failure. This model would facilitate further studies of the pathogenesis of brain dysfunction and evaluation of treatment in fulminant hepat...

Liver transplantation offers patients with liver disease an optimal chance for long-term survival. Current indications, preoperative assessment, patient selection, intraoperative anesthetic management and outcomes are described. The management of special situations, including retransplantation, pediatric transplantation, and fulminant hepatic failure are also reviewed. The success of liver tran...

TOPIC: Critical Care TYPE: Medical Student/Resident Case Reports INTRODUCTION: Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is classified into primary or secondary type that associated with malignancy. agglutinins are antibodies specific for erythrocyte surface antigens. This antigen-antibody complex gets activated when blood flows through the periphery, leading to complement activation and hepatic sequestrat...

Purpose: We herein describe the clinical course of a consecutive series of fulminant hepatic failure patients treated with molecular adsorbent recirculating system, a cell-free albumin dialysis technique. From November 2000 to September 2002, 7 adult patients age 22-61 (median 41), one male (14.2%), and 6 females (85.7%), affected by fulminant hepatic failure, underwent 7 courses (1 to 5 sessio...

Fulminant hepatitis is a rare complication of acute hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. We report three cases of fulminant hepatic failure with death due to HAV infection in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease. Data from the literature also indicate a high case fatality rate during HAV superinfection in patients with chronic hepatitis B, particularly those with cirrhosis, and in pat...

The increase in the use of herbal and dietary supplements (HDSs) over the last decades has been accompanied by an increase in the reports of HDS-associated hepatotoxicity. The spectrum of HDS-induced liver injury is diverse and the outcome may vary from transient liver test increases to fulminant hepatic failure resulting in death or requiring liver transplant. There are no validated standardiz...

Hepatitis B virus infection is a global health problem that is endemic in many parts of the world. It is one of the most common causes of liver-related sequelae, including cirrhosis, fulminant liver failure, liver transplantation, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. 90-95% of the infected adults can clear the virus with only 5-10% becoming chronic carriers. Among the carriers 20-30% develops l...