Additive manufacturing has enabled multifunctional structures, sensors, devices, and platforms to be used in a multitude of fields [...]

Broad topics of the plastisphere in various environments are reviewed, including its methodologies, diversity, functionality, and outlook. Due to their durability, malleability, low cost, plastics have become an integral material industrial consumer products [1]. Global plastic production has enormously grown from 1.5 million metric tonnes 1950 367 2020 [2]. Despite remarkable benefits convenie...