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objective(s): brucella spp. are facultative intracellular pathogens which can stay alive and multiply in professional and nonprofessional phagocytes. immunity against brucella melitensis involves antigen-specific cd4+ and cd8+ t-cells activation and humoral immune responses. due to negative aspects of live attenuated vaccines, much attention has been focused on finding brucella-protective antig...

bacterial expression systems provide economic and logistic advantages in manufacturing proteins for human therapeutic purposes. however, most such proteins accumulate in insoluble biologicaiiy inactive form when overexpressed in bacterial cells. this is the case while attempting to produce recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (hgm-csf) in e. coli. in this report, d...

purpose: multiple sclerosis is a progressive neurological disease and a cause of many disabilities in individuals. set of symptoms and the chronic nature of this disease, together impair the mental state of the person and cause awidervariety of psychological symptoms worsening the disease. therefor, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness psychol...

background: cervical spine sustains most of thevertebral column injuries, among other injuries, the disc degeneration and damage that lead to replacement of the damaged disc with cage or artificial disc. methods: the c4 to c6 vertebrae of a normal subject and a person with interbody fusion cage were 3d modelled and then analyzed using finite element method. the results of maximum stress and str...

congenital fusion of the maxilla and the mandible is a rare condition. the extent of the problem ranges from simple mucosal adhesion (synechia) to severe bony fusion (syngnathia). here we present a patient with zygomatico-mandibular fusion who was treated at neonatal and infancy periods at three different stages without tracheostomy. having had recurrence for two times, porcine grafting was per...

This survey brings together a collection of epistemic logics and discusses their approaches in alleviating the logical omniscience problem. Of particular note is the logic of implicit and explicit belief. Explicit belief refers to information actively held by an agent, while implicit belief refers to the logical consequence of explicit belief. Ramifications of Levesque’s logic include nonstanda...

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  Every society has oriented itself towards a governing method concerning the socio-cultural conditions and with the inclusion of different historical-ideological periods and has accepted it as its governmental plan. Iranian society is not an exception to this general rule. Throughout different historical stages, such as the government of Safavid, the Constitution Movement, and despotic g...

background: infections due to pseudomonas aeruginosa are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in patients who suffer from impaired immune responses and chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis. at present, aggressive antibiotic therapy is the only choice for management of p. aeruginosa infections, but emergence of highly resistant strains necessitated the development of novel alt...