The major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response is important in the clearance of viral infections in humans. After influenza A infection, a peptide from the matrix protein, M58-66, is presented in the context of the MHC allele HLA-A0201 and the resulting CTL response is detectable in most HLA-A0201 subjects. An initial study suggested that M58-66-sp...

MHC-I (Ld)-restricted, S28-39-specific CTL responses are efficiently primed in H-2d BALB/c mice injected with low doses of native hepatitis B surface Ag (HBsAg) lipoprotein particles without adjuvants. Priming of this CTL response by exogenous HBsAg required CD4+ T cell "help" and IL-12: this CTL response could be neither induced in mice depleted of CD4+ T cells by in vivo Ab treatment, nor in ...

Five out of five allo-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones tested strongly suppressed the development of CTLs directed against the H-2 haplotype of the CTL clone and independent of the H-2 specificity recognized by the CTL clone. This was shown by including 100-1,000 cells from the five clones in one way mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) cultures in which the stimulator cells were of the ...

Abstract. The OH stretching vibrational properties of eight serpentine samples from veins the New Caledonian ophiolite have been investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in mid-infrared and near-infrared ranges Raman spectroscopy. were selected for their monophasic composition (Lz: lizardite; Ctl: chrysotile; Atg: antigorite) making them representative three species. Compa...

Abstract This study investigates the precipitation symmetrization preceding rapid intensification (RI) of tropical cyclones (TCs) experiencing vertical wind shear by analyzing numerical simulations Typhoon Mujigae (2015) with warm (CTL) and relatively cool (S1) sea surface temperatures (SSTs). A novel finding is that maintained continuous development deep convection along inward flank a convect...

The long-accepted notion that alloimmune cytolytic T cells (CTL) mediate transplantation immunity has recently been called into question. In order to ascertain directly whether alloimmune CTL can mediate destruction of foreign tissue, we tested the ability of mouse CTL expanded as cloned populations in vitro to destroy allogeneic skin in vivo. The results of these studies prove unequivocally th...

Priming of melan-A(26/27-35)-specific CTL occurs only in a fraction of late stage melanoma patients, whereas during the early stages of the disease and in healthy volunteers, melan-A CTL have functional and phenotypic markers consistent with a naive phenotype. To study the requirements for expansion of naive melan-A CTL from healthy donors, we set up an in vitro priming protocol and, using tetr...

To investigate how cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) avoid killing themselves when they destroy target cells, we compared 20 different cell lines as target cells, including several CTL cell lines, for their susceptibility to lysis by CTL. Variations in recognition of this diverse set of target cells was circumvented by attaching to all of them a monoclonal antibody to the antigen-specific receptor ...

We longitudinally measured T-cell receptor transcript frequencies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in an individual with rapidly progressive disease and high levels of viremia. CTL clones elicited during acute HIV-1 infection were present at the time of death, despite absent functional CTL responses, arguing against clonal deletion as a mecha...

A multi-valued version of CTL∗ (mv-CTL∗), where both the propositions and the accessibility relation are multi-valued, taking values in a complete lattice with a complement, is considered. Contrary to all the existing model checking results for multi-valued modal logics, our lattices are not required to be finite. A set of restrictions is provided under which there is a direct translation from ...