Bearing on the model for the time-dependent metagalactic radiation field developed in the first paper of this series, we compute the gamma-ray attenuation due to pair production in photon-photon scattering. Emphasis is on the effects of varying the star formation rate and the fraction of UV radiation assumed to escape from the star forming regions, the latter being important mainly for high-red...

Polarimetric radar measurements are sensitive to the size, shape and orientation of raindrops and provide information about drop size distribution (DSD), canting angle distribution and rain rate. In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a method for retrieving DSD parameters for calculating rain rate and the characteristic particle size. The DSD is assumed to be a Gamma distribution and the go...

By collecting 17 short gamma-ray bursts with necessary data, we find a correlation of Lp ∝ E .7 p ,i , which is very consistent with that derived from a greatly expanded sample of 148 Swift long gamma-ray bursts. It is argued that the radiation mechanism of both long and short gamma-ray bursts should be similar, i.e., of quasi-thermal origin caused by the photosphere and the dissipation occurri...

We derive a relation between the flux density Fν, j at the light-curve break of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow and the break time t j. The break is due to the transition from the spherical-like to jet-like evolution of the afterglow, when the Lorentz factor of the jet equals the inverse of the initial half-opening angle, i.e., γ = 1/θ0. We show that this relation indeed behaves as Fν, j ∝ t ...

Links between immune responses to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), age and atopic sensitisation are poorly understood. This study investigated the induction of target organ type-1, type-2 and proinflammatory cytokine responses to RSV and/or phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) in tonsillar mononuclear cells from children, in relation to age and atopic status. In comparison with the control medium, RSV i...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The cerebral arteries present an optimum blood flow/vessel radius relation. However, branch angles may vary widely in the cerebral arteries because the parametric optimization of branch angles is irrelevant in terms of energy cost. The position of the flow divider in extracranial arteries has been suggested to be optimum in flow orderliness. No data exist on the flow divi...

We present first results from the analysis of multi-epoch VLBI observations of the EGRET detected sources [9] in the CJ-F sample (Caltech Jodrell-Flat-spectrum, [10]). These objects form a subsample of 14 sources within the 293 AGN of the full CJ-F sample. 5 GHz VLBI snapshot observations of the CJ-F sources are continuously being performed in order to create a valid database for thorough stati...

The Ohno relation for multiple zeta values can be formulated as saying that a certain operator, defined indices, is invariant under taking duals. In this paper, we generalize the to regularized by showing that, although suitably generalized operator not duals, between its at an index and dual written explicitly in terms of gamma function.