Vestimentiferan tube worms living at deep−sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps have been considered as a clade with a long and continuing evolutionary history in these ecosystems. Whereas the fossil record appears to support this view, mo− lecular age estimates do not. The two main features that are used to identify vestimentiferan tubes in the fossil record are longitudinal ridges on the tube...

Systematic documentation of pteriomorph bivalves the late Eocene–early Oligocene Keasey Formation in western Oregon follows previous monographic treatments anomalodesmatans and heteroconchs. It includes material from coeval Cascadia Margin strata southwestern Washington context major molluscan faunal turnover during dramatic doubthouse climate transition an ice-free tropical marine environment ...

Current estimations of seabed methane release into the ocean (0.4–48 Tg yr?1) are based on short-term observations and implicitly assume that fluxes constant over time. However, intensity gas seepage varies significantly throughout a seep lifetime. We used instruments operated by Ocean Observatories Initiative's Regional Cabled Array to monitor variations emissions entire Southern Hydrate Ridge...

Cold seep foraminifera have attracted considerable attention as they provide valuable insights into the study of cold seeps. This provides a comprehensive overview manifestations in environments and methane seepage activities. Certain taxa benthic foraminifera, such Uvigerina , Bolivina Bulimina Chilostomella Globobulimina Nonionella Melonis Epistominella Cibicidoides Globocassidulina are known...