Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid has been widely used. We evaluated small bowel and gastric injuries during acetylsalicylic acid administration using video capsule endoscopy and gastroduodenal endoscopy. We also investigated blood flow using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Six healthy volunteers were enrolled in this preliminary study. The subjects were administered 100 mg of enteric-coated asp...

Endotoxin induces many profound vascular effects, including venous pooling, changes in resistance to blood flow in many organs, and circulatory collapse leading to death. Prominent among the early vascular effects of endotoxin is the rapid development of hepatic and intestinal congestion (2-4). One apparent mechanism of splanchnic blood pooling in endotoxin shock is hepatic venoconstriction. Li...

Endotoxin induces many profound vascular effects, including venous pooling, changes in resistance to blood flow in many organs, and circulatory collapse leading to death. Prominent among the early vascular effects of endotoxin is the rapid development of hepatic and intestinal congestion (2-4). One apparent mechanism of splanchnic blood pooling in endotoxin shock is hepatic venoconstriction. Li...

Esophagogastric varices are considered to be the most common complication in patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopic ultrasonography not only visualizes the surface of the varices but also provides detailed information about their internal structure. The direction of blood flow can be determined and its velocity measured only via endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS). This can ...

background: the mechanisms underlying cerebral hypercapnic vasodilatation are not fully understood.   objective: to investigate the role of nitric oxide (no) and atp-sensitive potassium (k atp ) channels in basal blood flow regulation and hypercapnia-induced vasodilatation in rabbit cerebral blood vessels.   methods: the change in cerebral blood flow was measured by a laser doppler flowmeter in...

Abstract Introduction Satiety is regulated by behavioural and physiological mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate the effects of food ingestion on subjective satiety, gastric emptying, mesenteric blood flow, glucose concentration. Methods Twenty healthy males (10 Lean:10 Obese) were recruited study. Gastric content volume (GCV) superior flow (SMABF) measured magnetic resonance imaging (MR...

Previous data concerning the action of calcium (Ca) on gastric acid secretion (GAS) indicated that calcium ions increase GAS elicited by gastrin released through a vagal mechanism, and also by a direct effect on parietal cells. Our research showed that the stimulating effect of calcium on gastric acid secretion can be antagonized by verapamil administration, which reduces gastric acid secretion...

Ghrelin, identified in oxyntic mucosa has been recently implicated in the control of food intake and growth hormone (GH) release but whether this hormone can influence the gastric secretion and gastric mucosal integrity have been little studied. We compared the effects of intraperitoneal (i.p.) and intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of ghrelin on gastric secretion in rats equipped ...

Central neuropeptides play a role in many physiological regulatory processes through the autonomic nervous system. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is distributed in the central nervous system and acts as a neurotransmitter to regulate gastric functions through vagal-muscarinic pathways. The central effect of the TRH analog on hepatic blood flow was investigated in urethan-anesthetized rats....

The expression and function of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the stomach is unclear. This study assessed the effects of endotoxin on rat gastric iNOS expression and its role in gastric injury from luminal irritants. In conscious rats, a 5-h treatment with intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1-20 mg/kg) dose dependently increased gastric mucosal iNOS immunoreactivity and increas...