a major problem of arid and semi-arid regions is environmental stresses like salinity and drought. to study the effect of artichoke germination under different levels of salinity and drought, two separate experiments were performed. the experimental treatments included different salinity levels of nacl (0, 50, 100, 150 mm) and five drought levels by peg (0, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) with three rep...

bitter asafetida (ferula asa-fetidae l.) is a wild plant of the family umbelliferae. the present study was carried out to determine the type of dormancy of the plant’s seed, and find out the most suitable treatment needed for quick germination of seeds. twelve treatments including ga3 (500, 1000, 1500 ppm), kno3 (0.1, 0.2 0.3 molar), rinsing (24, 48, 72 hour),elimination of seed coat (one year-...

abstract to produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryo, whole flower explants were collected at two sampling stages of i, iii. to produce embryogenic callus and somatic embryo, ms medium supplemented with 5 and 10µm 2,4-d and 2µm bap were used. for embryo differentiation, ms medium with 0.5mg/l iba, ms medium without any plant growth regulators, ms medium with 2mg/l iba and 0.2mg/l bap, ms m...

dormancy breaking of field maple (acer campestre l.) seed, by gibberllic acid (ga3) at 0, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm in 24 and 48 hours and stratification treatments in moist sand under warm (18-20 °c) and cold (2-4°c) conditions were investigated. effects of ga3 and stratification and their interaction on germination percent (gp) and germination speed (gs) were significant. the highest gp occurred ...

Seed longevity mainly depends on initial seed quality and storage conditions therefore; farmers gene bank curators need to be aware of the potential rajmash cultivars that contribute production high during routine germplasm regeneration/multiplication. Consequently, it is important generate information rajmash. In present investigation, 14 yielding were stored for 4 years periodical germination...

Nuclear behavior during basidiospore germination in Cronartiunz quercuum f. sp. fusiforme was examined on glass slides and host seedlings using 4, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining. Mononucleate basidiospores of Cronartium quercuum f. sp. fusiforme normally were produced following meiosis in the teliospore. However, a subsequent mitotic division often occurred within each basidiospore resulti...

This study was conducted to examine the effect of low doses of X-rays on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L., cv. Khalas) seed germination and seedling growth. A significant reduction in seed germination was observed in response to X-irradiation as compared to the non-irradiated control. A significant reduction in seed germination percentage (82.85%) began at 0.25 Gy of X-rays and persisted to de...

Arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs) are a family of highly glycosylated hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins present throughout the plant kingdom. A synthetic chemical reagent, (beta-D-Gal)3 Yariv reagent, specifically binds AGPs and can be used for histochemical staining, isolating and probing the function of AGPs. Here, the role of AGPs in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. UC82B) seed germin...

Yucca moths are most well known for their obligate pollination mutualism with yuccas, where pollinator moths provide yuccas with pollen and, in exchange, the moth larvae feed on a subset of the developing yucca seeds. The pollinators, however, comprise only two of the three genera of yucca moths. Members of the third genus, Prodoxus, are the “bogus yucca moths” and are sister to the pollinator ...