The century-long debate over the origins of inner gorges that were repeatedly covered by Quaternary glaciers hinges upon whether the gorges are fluvial forms eroded by subaerial rivers, or subglacial forms cut beneath ice. Here we apply cosmogenic nuclide exposure dating to seven inner gorges along ~500 km of the former Fennoscandian ice sheet margin in combination with a new deglaciation map. ...

[1] Meandering streams on the surface of glaciers are similar in planform geometry to meanders in alluvial and bedrock rivers, despite fundamental differences in the mechanisms and timescales of incision. We develop depth-averaged conservation equations for flow in such supraglacial channels with erodible boundaries and solve the linear stability problem for harmonic perturbations to an initial...

[1] Estimates of 20th Century sea level rise are typically 1.5 to 2 mm/y, with a steric contribution of (0.5 ± 0.2) mm/y. Estimates of the eustatic contribution vary widely between 1.1 and +1.3 mm/y. We attempt an independent estimate of eustatic sea level rise based on the measured freshening of the global ocean, and with attention to the contribution from melting of sea ice (which affects fre...

The history of meltwater flow from the Laurentide Ice Sheet to the Gulf of Mexico during the last deglaciation, which holds possible implications for the cause of the Younger Dryas cold episode, is not well understood. We propose a new chronology based on using the percentage of reworked calcareous nannofossils in Orca Basin sediments as a proxy for erosion. The period of greatest meltwater flo...

The modern precipitation balance in southeastern (SE) Brazil is regulated by the South American summer Monsoon and threatened global climate change. On glacial-interglacial timescales, monsoon intensity was strongly controlled precession-forced changes insolation. To date, relatively little known about spatiotemporal distribution of tropical SE resulting variability fluvial discharge on timesca...

Relationships between soils and their position in the landscape have been well established in most parts of the world. Such relationships are useful when mapping soils and geographically identifying soil classes based on a set of diagnostic soil characteristics and horizons. Human infl uence may alter the pattern, and here we report on a series of soilscapes in Wisconsin, USA that have been str...

[1] Glacial boulders and soils on moraines are often dated to quantify the timing of glaciations and/or rates of chemical weathering in moraine chronosequences. A common assumption is that moraine crest erosion and soil mixing are unimportant. However, several studies suggest moraine denudation may be substantial. We evaluate the magnitude of moraine denudation and soil mixing in the Pinedale (...

Biomarkers in Late Pleistocene sediments collected from the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP)-Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX) Hole M0004C (central Arctic Ocean) were investigated. The major biomarkers are long chain n-alkanes, n-fatty acids and n-alkan1-ols, indicating fresh organic matter (OM) derived predominantly from higher plants. The dominance of terrestrial biomarkers is attribute...