Estimating evapotranspiration (ET), the main water output flux within basins, is an important step in assessing hydrological changes and availability. However, direct measurements of ET are challenging, especially for large regions. Global products now provide gridded estimates at different temporal resolution, each with its own method estimating based on various data sources. This study invest...

Terrestrial water storage (TWS) plays an important role in the global cycle. Measuring dynamic changes TWS is essential for resources management, weather-related hazard monitoring and agricultural production. The Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) its following mission (GRACE-Follow on) have provided monthly terrestrial anomalies (TWSA) at a quasi-global scale since April 2002. This st...

Satellite retrieval and land surface models have become the mainstream methods for monitoring soil moisture (SM) over large regions; however, uncertainty coarse spatial resolution of these products limit their applications at regional local scales. We proposed a hybrid approach combining triple collocation (TC) long short-term memory (LSTM) network, which was designed to generate high-quality S...

The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), formerly known as the Millennium Dam, has been filling at a fast rate. This project created issues for Nile Basin countries of Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia. GERD an impact on hydrology specifically water storages (lakes/reservoirs) flow downstream. In this study, through analysis multi-source satellite imagery, we study reservoir. time-series generated ...

Soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) can affect hydrological cycles on local and remote scales through land–atmosphere interactions. However, TP long-term surface soil characteristics their response to climate change are still unclear. In this study, we firstly evaluate two satellite-based products—SSM/I (the Special Sensor Microwave Imagers) ECV COMBINED Essential Climate Variable combi...

Remotely sensed soil moisture forecasting through satellite-based sensors to estimate the future state of underlying soils plays a critical role in planning and managing water resources sustainable agricultural practices. In this paper, Deep Learning (DL) hybrid models (i.e., CEEMDAN-CNN-GRU) are designed for daily time-step surface (SSM) forecasts, employing gated recurrent unit (GRU), complet...

Many extreme meteorological events are closely related to the strength of land–atmosphere interactions. In this study, heat exchange regime between shallow soil layer and atmosphere over Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) was investigated using a reanalysis dataset. The analysis conducted simple metric ΔT, defined as difference temperatures air. First, performance 4 widely used data products (GLDAS-...

Rivers are among the most dynamic components in Earth's terrestrial water cycle and provide critical ecosystem services. Yet, spatiotemporal variability of river surface extents remains largely unquantified at global scale. Satellite remote sensing provides a promising alternative to in-situ observations, which can enable more comprehensive survey systematic analysis rivers fine spatial resolut...

• Uncertainty measurement of different GRACE products. EOF analysis to compute spatio-temporal variability in groundwater storage . Groundwater depletion. Impact climate change on storage. In the Lower Transboundary Indus Basin (LTIB), excessive is being consumed combination with surface water meet increasing demand for irrigation and resulting This study employed generalized three-cornered hat...